Big Brain

A perenially incomplete collection of code snippets, notes, and book reviews.

2001: A Space Odyssey is a 1968 novel by Arthur C. Clarke developed concurrently with the Stanley Kubrick film of the same name.

Synopsis

Part I - Primeval Night. Early man struggles to survive. They encounter a “New Rock” (Africus Monolith, e.g. TMA-0) which stimulates new mental activity, slowly leading to their development of more advanced tools and greater dominance over nature.

Part 2 - TMA-1. A quarantine on the moon is a cover story for a recent discovery nicknamed TMA-1, or the Tycho [crater] Magnetic Anomaly-1. TMA-1 is a black rectangular monolith dated 3,000,000 years old, found buried on the moon. It is the first evidence of extra-terrestrial intelligence, and emits five bursts of electronic shrieks while under investigation.

Part 3 - Between Planets. Five astronauts head towards Saturn on the Discovery spacecraft, guided by an artificially intelligent computer named HAL 9000. Three of the astronauts are in hibernation, and they pass Jupiter en route.

Part 4 - Abyss. HAL 9000 continually detects a malfunction in a critical communication device, even after one of the crew members replaces it. As ground control suggests that HAL 9000 itself may be malfunctioning, the device “fails” and communication with Earth is lost. Attempting to replace the device yet again, the pod abruptly changes position and knocks the crew member into deep space. HAL 9000 takes control of the ship and kills three of the remaining four crew members by opening the airlock while they’re sedated in hibernation. HAL 9000 is protecting the true, classified purpose of the mission – to explore a moon of Saturn suspected to be the origin of the TMA-1 monolith – before he is disconnected by the sole remaining crew member, Dave.

Part 5 - The Moons of Saturn. Dave continues towards Saturn as a lone ambassador from Earth. He spots a larger version of TMA-1 on its surface, which was placed there 3,000,000 years ago by intelligent, extraterrestrial, extra-spatial life. As Dave nears Saturn’s monolith, the monolith unfolds spacetime absorbs Dave’s ship into its abyss. Dave senses he’s moving at incredible speed and believes the monolith to be some sort of “star gate” that facilitates faster-than-light travel. His pod lands in what appears to be an ordinary hotel room, prepared for someone of his species to eventually discover. He sleeps, relives his past, and is transformed into an extra-spatial omnipotent being (“Star-Child”) with the power to influence matter and help guide mankind through a new stage of evolution.

20th Century Boys is a manga series written by Naoki Urasawa. The series revolves around a mysterious cult, their growing power, and a group of childhood friends trying to stop them. The series genre is primarily mystery, but also thriller and political.

Like Urasawa’s Monster series, this manga may be accessible to readers unfamiliar or unfavorable to the genre. Urasawa masterfully weaves interrelated stories from different time periods into a multi-generational battle for the future of the world. At times it can be cheeky and campy, but eschews most modern super hero tropes.

It was adapted into a a live-action trilogy, but no anime series has yet been produced.

Premise

Kenji Endo, convenience store owner and aspiring musician, realizes the logo for a burgeoning new-age cult is the same design that he and his friends created in their youth when writing a fictional story about a global conspiracy taking over the world at the turn of the 20th century.

Under Endo’s informal leadership, they task themselves with discovering which of their old friends is responsible for bringing their childhood story to life, and attempt to stop them before any more people are killed.

Requires 7z (p7zip). Note that this won’t preserve owner/group permissions on *nix systems.

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7z a -p -mx=0 -mhe=on archivename.7z file1 file2 file3 etc

a to add to archive; -p to set password; -mx value 0 (no compression) to 9 (ultra); -mhe=on to enable encryption of archive header (filelist).

All You Need Is Kill is a short manga written by Hiroshi Sakurazaka. The two tankōbon volumes were adapted into the American blockbuster film Edge of Tomorrow starring Tom Cruise.

Premise

Earth is at war with alien invaders. Keiji Kiriya, a solider in the United Defense Force, awakens with a premoniton of having died on the battlefield. The next day they ship out, and sure enough, he’s killed. But he somehow wakes again, the morning before that same deployment, to live and repeat the days again.

Kiriya deduces that he’s stuck in some sort of time-loop, with his death triggering a reset back to the day before battle. He determines to hone his battle skills to progress further and further into the battlefield with each loop, hoping to save humanity from the alien invaders.

Arcadia is a comic book series by Alex Paknadel, collecting 8 issues in 1 volume between 2015 and 2016.

Four billion lives are “saved” in a pandemic… by being uploaded into a simulation. A mere 1% survives proper. When real-world energy resources grow scarce, which is more important – the millions of meat-bodies, or the billions of avatars?

The premise is intriguing enough, but the execution disappoints. Regardless, the story is interesting enough to finish to the end. The artwork and coloring work don’t “wow” in any regard. Really, it’s the question of which takes precedence – a majority of digital bodies, or a minority of physical bodies – that is worth asking and worth seeing through to the author’s end.

Atlas Shrugged is a 1957 novel by Ayn Rand. It espouses her philosophy of Objectivism.

The primary protagonist is Dagny Taggart, a VP at the Taggart Transcontinental railroad business run by her brother James. Dagny is self-sufficient, efficient, and scourns government interference in the business. Her brother James is a dirty statist and egalitarian who welcomes government interference in the business.

A secondary protagonist is James Rearden, a pessimistic entrepreneur who invents Rearden Metal, cheaper yet stronger than traditional steel. Dagny is excited by the prospects of the new alloy whereas her brother James, despite Rearden Metal’s clear superiority, is more concerned on its potential impact on the legacy steel industry.

Dagny learns that her old friend and lover, copper magnate Francisco d’Anconia, is intentionally sabotaging his business. She also discovers a revolutionary new motor design in an abandoned factory, with no known inventor or applied use; she can’t comprehend either of these discoveries – why Francisco is destroying his business or why an inventor would abandon the new motor design.

The government steps up its economic interference by nationalizing patents and forbidding employees from quitting. Dagny has finally had enough and illegally leaves her job in defiance of the order, but ends up returning to Taggart Transcontinental after a disaster occurs in one of their tunnels. Dagny begins to hear more and more people mutter under their breathes, “Who is John Galt?” – an expression of resignation (i.e. “what’s the use?”) and, we eventually learn, a literal question about a man.

Dagny crashes a private plan while chasing an employee whom she hoped to convince not to leave the company. Among the wreckage, she finally learns why d’Anconia was sabotaging his business; why the new motor designer did nothing with his invention; to where some of the world’s leading tycoons had disappeared – a man named John Galt had convinced them all to leave the world behind and to live quietly in his hidden Gulch instead, as a protest against the government’s increasing intervention and expropriation of their work and the economy.

When Dagny peeks her head back out into the world, the government is even more incompetent and totalitarian than before. John Galt delivers a three-hour speech over the radio urging them to take pride in their own work; to forge forward and invent and create; to be in charge of their own destinies; to refuse to allow the government to siphon, steal, and tax their creative output and livelihoods to death. Galt is arrested but quickly rescued by his minions, and New York City plunges into chaos as the electricity goes out. Such is the planned, centralized economy of government intervention, and among its ruins, John Galt and his followers are prepared to rebuild anew.

Requires curl. Include the function below in your ~/.bashrc to run it using geolocate. Returns results from geolocation.com and iplocation.com.

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geolocate() {
  local useragent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:59.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59."
  echo -n "(1/2): "
  echo -n $(curl --silent --user-agent "${useragent}" https://www.geolocation.com/en_us | grep country_name | cut -d "\"" -f4)
  echo " (geolocation.com)"
  echo -n "(2/2): "
  echo -n $(curl --silent --user-agent "${useragent}" https://iplocation.com | grep "country_name" | cut -d ">" -f3 | cut -d "<" -f1)
  echo " (iplocation.com)"
}

i3vpn.sh is a bash script which changes the background color of the i3status bar based on whether one’s VPN interface is up.

Note: System setup is no longer in use. Preserved for posterity.

The script runs indefinitely in a loop with 5 second pauses; it checks /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf for the presence of the VPN interface (i.e. is it on or off), and then uses sed to modify the “background #RRGGBB” line in the i3 config file accordingly.

Edit USERNAME, iface (interface), and background color fields for your configuration, and then set the appropriate exec /path/to/script.sh at the bottom of your i3 config file to run the script on startup.

Script

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#!/bin/bash
#
# Description:
# Change i3statusbar bgcolor based on VPN status
# 'offcolor' and 'oncolor' using i3 config syntax

offcolor="background #aa2222";
oncolor="background #222222";
i3config="/home/USERNAME/.config/i3/config";
iface="tun0"

while true; do

  VPN=false;
  if $(ls /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/ | grep -q $iface); then VPN=true; fi

  if $VPN; then
    # If VPN on but offcolor is set
    if grep "$offcolor" "$i3config"; then
      sed -i "s/$offcolor/$oncolor/g" "$i3config";
      i3 restart;
    fi
  else
    # If VPN off but oncolor is set
    if grep "$oncolor" "$i3config"; then
      sed -i "s/$oncolor/$offcolor/g" "$i3config";
      i3 restart;
    fi
  fi

  sleep 5;

done

Requires bdfr (pypi: bdfr) which can be installed via pip.

View documentation for options.

To archive a subreddit, e.g. /r/datahoarder, consider the following:

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bdfr clone R_DIRNAME_DATE --subreddit datahoarder --log spudmode_2022-12-29/0_log.log --sort top --time all --make-hard-links --folder-scheme "{DATE}_{TITLE}_{POSTID}_{UPVOTES}" --file-scheme "{UPVOTES}_{DATE}_{REDDITOR}_{POSTID}"
  • clone implements both the ‘download’ and ‘archive’ commands
  • Replace R_DIRNAME_DATE with a directory to download files into
  • --subreddit specifies which subreddit to archive
  • --log specifies where to write the log file
  • --sort specifies sort method, e.g. “top”
  • --time specifies time range, e.g. “all”
  • --make-hard-links prevents duplicate files by using hard links instead
  • --file-scheme for naming convention of saved files

Billy Bat is a manga series written by Naoki Urasawa. The series revolves around a mangaka (manga artist or cartoonist) and his popular bat character, who speaks to the artist to embed premonitions into his works. The story reads like a mangaka’s manga (a comic written for comic authors) due to its subject matter, but Urasawa crafts the concept into a multi-generational saga with the fate of humanity at stake.

Like Urasawa’s other works, it’s a sprawling mystery worth binging. But for those unfamiliar with manga, it’s probably better to first read something like Urasawa’s Monster, which has more accessible themes.

Premise

The story revolves around mangaka (manga artist) Kevin Yamagata, author of “Billy Bat,” a popular detective comic starring an anthropomorphic bat. After learning that his bat character may be an unconscious derivative of bat artwork he saw while serving in WWII, Yamagata sets out for Japan to determine whether his character is an original work or an accidental copy of some existing character.

Shortly after arriving in Japan, his bat character, “Billy Bat,” leaps out from the pages and speaks to Yamagata directly. As Yamagata tries to determine the source of his inspiration for the character, the reader learns that this bat figure is actually an ancient supernatural icon, with preternatural influence over the course of human history.

Links for future reference.

{% assign bookmarks = site.data.list-bookmarks | group_by: ‘cat’ | reverse %} {% for group in bookmarks %}

Bushido: The Soul of Japan is a 1900 book by Inazo Nitobé. It is an explanation and musing for western audiences of the character, ethics, and history of the Japanese samurai.

According to author Inazo Nitobé, Bu-shi-do translates to Military-Knight-Ways — the character, teachings, ethics, and chivalry of Japanese sword-warriors. The system is simple: total allegiance to master, death for dishonor, sword as last resort, and honor over all. To die for an unworthy cause is cowardice; to slay an unworthy foe is murder.

For better or worse, samurai are depicted as the archetypal warrior-poet. He is stoic, steadfast, and dangerous, yet has self-control and lives in harmony with the dis/order of society. Nitobé defends old Japan from the ethical, political, and social criticism levied by the prevailing cultural hegemony (barbarism, imperialism, classism, sexism). The Japanese order is bound by a voluntary, self-imposed ethic of duty, honor, and restraint unknown to the West.

“Only a pomegranate is he” — so runs a popular saying — “who, when he gapes his mouth, displays the contents of his heart.”

Seppuku or kappuku (hara-kiri) was not mere suicide — it was ceremonial. The use of disembowelment was based on the ancient belief of the gut as the seat of the soul. Bearing it openly was an offering to view their innermost character for judgement.

No one circle in the Inferno will boast of greater density of Japanese population than the seventh, to which Dante consigns all victims of self-destruction!

Bushido “set a moral standard for [the populace] and guided them by their example.” Although it lives no longer as a system, it is immortal as a virtue. For “wherever man struggles to raise himself above himself, wherever his spirit masters his flesh by his own exertions, there we see the immortal discipline of Zeno at work.”

Excerpts

The writer meant thereby that knowledge becomes really such only when it is assimilated in the mind of the learner and shows in his character.

Wan Yang Ming, who never wearies of repeating, “To know and to act are one and the same.”

Indeed valor and honor alike required that we should own as enemies in war only such as prove worthy of being friends in peace.

Mencius had taught centuries before, in almost the identical phrase, what Carlyle has latterly expressed—namely, that “shame is the soil of all Virtue, of good manners and good morals.”

In one place he [Mencius] writes to this effect: “Though you denude yourself and insult me, what is that to me? You cannot defile my soul by your outrage.” Elsewhere he teaches that anger at a petty offense is unworthy a superior man, but indignation for a great cause is righteous wrath.

Said this sage [Mencius], “’Tis in every man’s mind to love honor: but little doth he dream that what is truly honorable lies within himself and not anywhere else.”

Since Bushido, like Aristotle and some modern sociologists, conceived the state as antedating the individual — the latter being born into the former as part and parcel thereof — he must live and die for it or for the incumbent of its legitimate authority.

A man who sacrificed his own conscience to the capricious will or freak or fancy of a sovereign was accorded a low place in the estimate of the Precepts. Such a one was despised as nei-shin, a cringeling, who makes court by unscrupulous fawning, or as chô-shin, a favorite who steals his master’s affections by means of servile compliance; these two species of subjects corresponding exactly to those which Iago describes — the one, a duteous and knee-crooking knave, doting on his own obsequious bondage, wearing out his time much like his master’s ass; the other trimm’d in forms and visages of duty, keeping yet his heart attending on himself.

Every thinking bushi knew well enough that money formed the sinews of war; but he did not think of raising the appreciation of money to a virtue. It is true that thrift was enjoined by Bushido, but not for economical reasons so much as for the exercise of abstinence.

The present system of paying for every sort of service was not in vogue among the adherents of Bushido. It believed in a service which can be rendered only without money and without price. Spiritual service, be it of priest or teacher, was not to be repaid in gold or silver, not because it was valueless but because it was invaluable.

It is truly jarring to Japanese ears to hear the most sacred words, the most secret heart experiences, thrown out in promiscuous audiences. “Dost thou feel the soil of thy soul stirred with tender thoughts? It is time for seeds to sprout. Disturb it not with speech; but let it work alone in quietness and secrecy”… To give in so many articulate words one’s inmost thoughts and feelings — notably the religious — is taken among us as an unmistakable sign that they are neither very profound nor very sincere… “Only a pomegranate is he” — so runs a popular saying — “who, when he gapes his mouth, displays the contents of his heart.”

Speech is very often with us, as the Frenchman defined it, “the art of concealing thought.”

It sounds highly irrational to our ears, when a husband or wife speaks to a third party of his other half — better or worse — as being lovely, bright, kind, and what not. Is it good taste to speak of one’s self as “my bright self,” “my lovely disposition,” and so forth? We think praising one’s own wife or one’s own husband is praising a part of one’s own self, and self-praise is regarded, to say the least, as bad taste among us.

Democracy raises up a natural prince for its leader, and aristocracy infuses a princely spirit among the people. Virtues are no less contagious than vices.

The state built upon the rock of Honor and fortified by the same — shall we call it the Ehrenstaat or, after the manner of Carlyle, the Heroarchy? — is fast falling into the hands of quibbling lawyers and gibbering politicians armed with logic-chopping engines of war.

Candide is a 1759 novella by François-Marie Arouet aka Voltaire.

The story is not only too short for a good synopsis, but also not good enough for one. Technically it’s satire, but of the boring variety with little humor or wit. Basically, it ridicules Leibniz’s theodicy of the “best of all possible worlds” – his attempt to solve the “problem of evil” – by showing an optimist continually being shat upon.

Unlike Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man which, in its critique of Christianity, at least attempts to faithfully represent the Catholic tradition and experience, Candide attacks a straw man.

That it’s considered Voltaire’s magnum opus doesn’t bode well for the value of his other works (admittedly unread by this author). Its crowning achievement seems only to be that he shat upon some Christian theology before radical secularism trickled into Europe after the French Revolution.

Crime and Punishment is an 1866 novel by Fyodor Dostoyevsky.

Synopsis

Raskolnikov, a poor man in St. Petersburg, schemes to rob an old pawnshop owner for her money. After scouting out her apartment, he returns with an axe, pretending that he wants to pawn an item. Raskolnikov strikes her down, and then her half-sister when she walks into the room. In panic, he flees with a small handfull of items worth far less than the lives he took.

Despite not being an immediate suspect, Raskolnikov falls ill from the psychological burden of his murders. He becomes prone to fainting, fevers, and delirium. Thoughts of confession preoccupy him. Those near and attending to him are Luzhin, his sister Dunya’s wealthy fiance; Razumikhin, an old friend; and Zamyotov, a policeman. After revisiting the apartment, morbidly obsessed with the murders, he returns home and faints upon finding his mother and sister awaiting him.

Raskolnikov fiercely opposes Dunya’s marriage to Luzhin, believing him to be an opportunist and Dunya motivated only by the security his money can provide the family. His friend Razumikhin takes him to see Petrovich, a detective, and Raskolnikov suspects that Petrovich already knows he’s guilty of the murders. Petrovich questions him about an old article he wrote, On Crime, which argued that certain people are both legally and morally justified to commit forbidden acts (such as theft and murder) in pursuit of their ideas.

A former suitor of Dunya, Svidrigailov, is in Raskolnikov’s room when he wakes the next morning. Svidrigailov insists that Dunya call off her engagement to Luzhin, and bequeaths 3,000 rubles to Dunya per his late wife’s will. Dunya sends Luzhin away, and the family is relieved to finally have some money on hand.

Raskolnikov heads back into an interview with Petrovich, who insinuates that he knows Raskolnikov is guilty of murdering the pawnbroker Alyona and her half-sister Lizaveta. To both their surprise, a young painter bursts into the station and confesses to the murders.

After a funeral banquet for a man that Raskolnikov saw killed earlier in the street by a carriage, he heads home with the deceased’s daughter, Sonya, upon whom he’s taken pity. Raskolnikov confesses to his crime and desperately tries to explain his motives and thus justify his actions. Sonya, however, herself in pain but pious, urges him to confess to save his conscious and soul. They rush outside after hearing that her step-mother is throwing a fit in the street after being evicted from her apartment. There he sees Svidrigailov, who directly quotes Raskolnikov’s earlier admission to Sonya, tacitly revealing that he overheard the entire confession.

Soon thereafter, Petrovich surprises Raskolnikov for a quick chat, and tells him straight-out that he knows Raskolnikov is the murderer, that Raskolnikov will be arrested soon, and that it would be better for all if he would simply confess. Svidrigailov tells Dunya about her brother’s confession to Sonya, and with no chance of her requitted love, commits suicide the next morning in public.

Raskolnikov says goodbye to his mother and sister, receives a crucifix from Sonya, and heads to the police station. There he learns of Svidrigailov’s suicide and makes a full confession. He is sentenced to eight years of labor in Siberia, during which his mother passes. Sonya follows him to Siberia, and despite feeling unworthy of her love, he accepts his sins and seeks redemption in Sonya’s loving presence.

Arch XPS 15 is an overview of configuring Arch Linux on a Dell XPS 15.

Note: This system setup is no longer in use. Preserved for posterity.

Installation

Basically everything here is cribbed from the ArchWiki. It’s included for posterity.

Initial setup

  1. Mash F12 on startup and select to boot via USB.
  2. Verify bootmode is UEFI by listing results of ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars.
  3. Verify wlan0 is detected with ip link. Then launch iwctl and run the command station wlan0 connect "NETWORKNAME" to connect to wifi. Verify it’s connected with ping archlinux.org.
  4. Update the clock with timedatectl set-ntp true.
  5. Partition the disks using fdisk. Use fdisk -l to see the current drives. The XPS 15 setup will use fdisk /dev/nvme0n1. Follow the on-screen instructions to setup the following partitions:
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/dev/nvme0n1p1        5M    EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p2       20G    Linux root (x86-64)
/dev/nvme0n1p3    456.9G    Linux home
  1. Format the partitions. Use FAT for the EFI via mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/nvme0n1p1 and ext4 for the root and home partitions via mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p2 and mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p3.
  2. Mount the system to /mnt after creating required directories:
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mkdir /mnt/boot
mkdir /mnt/home
mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot
mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
mount /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/home

Chroot install

  1. Install core packages with pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware.
  2. Generate the fstab with genfstab -U /mnt >>> /mnt/etc/fstab.
  3. Chroot into the new install with arch-chroot /mnt.
  4. Set the timezone with ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/REGION/CITY /etc/localtime, where REGION and CITY match your zones. Just hit tab at REGION and CITY to see available options. Then, run hwclock --systohc.
  5. Set localization by uncommenting en_US.UTF-8 UTF8 in /etc/locale.gen. Then run locale-gen and write LANG=en_US.UTF-8 to /etc/locale.gen.
  6. Write your HOSTNAME into /etc/hostname. This is the “host” in user@host.
  7. Set your root password with passwd.
  8. Install the Intel microcode updates and bootloader. After running the below, Grub should have prepended the Intel microcode before initramfs-linux.img in the initrd boot entry.
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pacman -S grub intel-ucode
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=GRUB
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
  1. Dump in some more packages:
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pacman -S alsa-tools bash-completion conky dmenu feh filezilla git htop i3-gaps i3blocks i3lock i3status iwd links man-db openssh polkit qutebrowser rxvt-unicode screenfetch sudo unzip wget wireguard-tools xbindkeys xcolor xf86-video-nouveau xorg-server xorg-xev xorg-xinit xorg-xrandr
  1. Reboot the system. Mash F12. Remove older entries and add the entry for the new EFI which appears when browsing for new boots in the BIOS.

Post-Installation

  1. Add a non-root user and add them to audio & video groups so they can control volume and brightness keys:
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useradd -m USERNAME
passwd USERNAME
usermod -a -G video USERNAME
usermod -a -G audio USERNAME
  1. Add the user to sudoers with EDITOR=nano visudo. Insert USERNAME ALL=(ALL) ALL into the file where it seems appropriate.
  2. Detect the gfx driver to install (already done in Installation-9), but for posterity listed here:
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lspci -v | grep -A1 -e VGA -e 3D
pacman -S xf86-video-nouveau
  1. Detect available resolutions and set to 1920x1080 in Xorg:
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xrandr
xrandr --output eDP-1 --mode 1920x1080
  1. Enable non-root to change screen brightness by inserting the following into /etc/udev/rules.d/backlight.rules:
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RUN+="/bin/chgrp video /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness"
RUN+="/bin/chmod g+w /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness"
  1. Launch i3 by adding i3 to the end of .xinitrc

Debian XPS 15 Project is an overview of configuring Debian on a Dell XPS 15 (9560) laptop.

Note: This system setup is no longer in use. Preserved for posterity.

These notes started being compiled after dual-boot installation and some tweaks, but going forward they will be covered here.

Setup currently uses:

  • i3-gaps for a cleaner i3 experience
  • i3bar w/ i3status for basic taskbar and info
  • compton for shadows and transparencies
  • zsh due to neat autocompletion

Using libinput instead of Synaptics for touchpad

After installing libinput and copying the default 40-libinput.conf configuration file from /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d to /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/, the following lines were added to the “touchpad” section. Afterwards, the existing 70-synaptics.conf file was renamed to 70-synaptics.conf.IGNORE to prevent it from being loaded at boot. For more on configuration, see man libinput.

“/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-libinput.conf”:

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Section "InputClass"
	Identifier "libinput touchpad catchall"
	MatchIsTouchpad "on"
	MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"
	Driver "libinput"
	# Added below
	### No. of fingers decides click type, not location of click
	Option "ClickMethod" "clickfinger"
	### Disable touchpad while typing (doesn't seem to work)
	Option "DisableWhileTyping" "true"
	### Allow horizontal scrolling
	Option "HorizontalScrolling" "true"
	### Scroll by using two fingers on touchpad
	Option "ScrollMethod" "twofinger"
	### Disable tap-to-click
	Option "Tapping" "true"
	### One, two, and three finger clicks map to left, right, middle buttons
	Option "TappingButtonMap" "lrm"
EndSection

Prevent need to restart iwd after boot

After a fresh system reboot, iwctl device list and iwctl adapter list were empty even though the card was loaded and up (wlp2s0). A simple restart of iwd via systemctl restart iwd.service would cause everything to work fine, but it shouldn’t have to be reloaded.

Adding the following to /etc/systemd/system/iwd.service.d/override.conf resolved the issue, such that iwd didn’t need to be restarted after reboot in order to access wifi. (Credit here.)

“/etc/systemd/system/iwd.service.d/override.conf”:

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[Unit]
BindsTo=sys-subsystem-net-devices-wlp2s0.device
After=sys-subsystem-net-devices-wlp2s0.device

Scripting mouse clicks to i3bar notification tray

As there doesn’t seem to be a way to keybind within the i3 config to click icons in the notification tray, might as well script it ourselves.

This is super hacky but seems to work. It basically uses xdotool to move the mouse to specific coordinates of tray icon items, simulate a click, and then move back to the original position. The script records the current x,y when the script was ran, and then based on given input (0, 1, 2, 3, etc.) clicks corresponding tray icon starting from the rightmost position. So the furthest right icon is input “0”, the second furthest-right icon is input “1”, etc.

“/home/USERNAME/click_tray_icons.sh”:

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### DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS ###
# Used "xdotool getmouselocation --shell" to determine
# that the right-most tray icon is at x=1907,y=15 and
# the tray icon immediately to the left is at x=1880,y=15.
# So, using "15" for all y coordinates and 27 (1907-1880)
# as no. of units to move left for each subsequent tray icon.

### KEY VARIABLES (CUSTOMIZE FOR YOUR SYSTEM) ###
#  Furthest right position of x-coordinate ("1919" for 1920x1080)
#  x-coordinate of tray icon furthest to right
#  y-coordinate of all tray icons
#  Unit distance/delta between tray icons

MAX_POS_X=1919
RIGHTMOST_TRAY_POS_X=1907
TRAY_POS_Y=15
TRAY_X_DELTA=27

### GET CURRENT COORDINATES ###
#  Evaluate current x,y coordinates
#  Assign current x coordinate
#  Assign current y coordinate

eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)
INIT_X=`echo $X`
INIT_Y=`echo $Y`

### READ INPUT & CALCULATE ###
#  Read user input (should be no. between 0 and 9)
#  If input > 9, set x-coord to max pos. (null click)
#  Else,
#  Calculate the requested x-coord based on input and delta

INPUT=$1
if [ "$INPUT" -gt 9 ]; then
        REQUESTED_POS_X=$MAX_POS_X
else
        REQUESTED_POS_X=`expr "$RIGHTMOST_TRAY_POS_X" - "$INPUT" \* "$TRAY_X_DELTA"`
fi

### MOVE MOUSE, CLICK, MOVE MOUSE BACK ###
#  Move mouse to the requested coordinates and click
#  Wait a moment
#  Move mouse back to original coordinates

xdotool mousemove $REQUESTED_POS_X $TRAY_POS_Y click 1
sleep 0.1
xdotool mousemove $INIT_X $INIT_Y

This script takes one input, a number between 0 through 9, corresponding to which tray icon to click (counting from right-to-left).

Then this was binded in i3 to the main modifier and function keys, such that mod+F1 clicks the rightmost icon, mod+F2 click the second-furthest right, etc.

Included within “/home/USERNAME/.config/i3/config”:

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# Mod+F1 to click right-most tray icon
bindsym $mod+F1 exec --no-startup-id /home/USERNAME/click_tray_icons.sh 0
# Mod+F2 to click second right-most tray icon
bindsym $mod+F2 exec --no-startup-id /home/USERNAME/click_tray_icons.sh 1

Democracy: The God That Failed is a 2001 book by Hans-Hermann Hoppe. It is a critique of democracy and a defense of private property rights.

This page is a summary of the Introduction & Chapter One, written mainly to increase comprehension but also to make Hoppe’s arguments more accessible to others (the paperback is scarce). The name of chapter one comes directly from the book, but the various subheadings are my own.

Hopefully, some day, this page can be a full summary of the book. However, the time-commitment was greater than expected and there are no current plans to expand to other chapters. This should suffice to give a good example of the arguments that Hoppe presents, namely, the importance of: private property rights; capital ownership over assets; time preference and its impact on civilization & investment; and end-consumer use on a goods value.

Synopsis

Chapter 0. Introduction

Every taxation involves the creation of two distinct and unequal classes: tax-payers and tax-consumers (xvii)

Democracy is a relatively young phenomenon. Before the Great War (WWI), only three republics existed in Europe (France, Switzerland, Portugal). But Woodrow Wilson, in his declaration of war against Germany, specifically said that “The world must be made safe for democracy.” Thus total war ensued, and total war requires total surrender. Germany lost its monarchy; the Austrian-Hungarian Empire was abolished; Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia were carved out. Without the ideological push for democracy behind WWI, one must wonder how difficult and likely it would have been for the Bolsheviks to seize Russia, the Fascists to seize Italy, and the Nazis to seize Germany if the monarchies were preserved. (ix-xiv)

The collapse of the Soviet Empire demonstrated the failure of socialism, not the triumph of capitalism – for, in less than a century, “full blown democracy” has led to moral degeneration, family and social disintegration, and cultural decay in the forms of divorce, illegitimacy, abortion, and crime. (xiii)

The Austrian method of praxeology is logical deduction from a priori theory. If the deduction is valid and the a priori statement is true, then the deduction is necessarily true and by definition no empirical evidence can falsify it. Historical data or empirical evidence can illustrate these deductions, but not establish or refute them. Examples of these a priori statements are “satisfaction earlier is preferred to satisfaction later,” and “no one can purposefully not act.” (xvi-xviii)

Three theses are provided in the Introduction:

  1. Hereditary monarchies can be understood as privately-owned government. With the claim to authority being hereditary, these institutions tend to promote future-orientedness and protection of private property rights;
  2. Democracies can be understood as publicly-owned governments. With the constant transition of power and influence of majority (mob) rule, these institutions tend to promote present-orientedness and dissolution of private property rights;
  3. If one must have a state (a compulsory territorial monopoly of ultimate decision-making and taxation), then monarchies are economically and ethically more advantageous to democracies, and “natural orders” or “anarcho-capitalism” (social systems free of monopoly and taxation) are economically and ethically more advantageous and justified than monarchies. (xix-xx)

Hoppe admits to being heavily influenced by Mises and Rothbard’s free enterprise, anti-statism, and pro-private property positions, and explains that each chapter is self-contained and can be read separately (i.e. they are more related essays than contiguous chapters). (xxi-xxii)

Chapter 1. On Time Preference, Government, and the Process of Decivilization

“The imposition of a government tax on property or income violates a property or income producer’s rights as much as theft does. In both cases the appropriator-producer’s supply of goods is diminished against his will and without his consent. (13)

Time Preference & Civilization

Time preference is man’s preference for earlier goods over later goods. This is because time is scarce, future time is uncertain, and present needs must be met before expected needs in the future. A high or rising time preference places greater emphasis on the present, whereas a low or falling time preference places less emphasis on the present. Both cases prefer present goods to later goods, but the latter is more likely to be willing to defer present consumption for future consumption. (1)

Lower time preferences initiate a “process of civilization.” They facilitate the availability of loanable funds (since these cannot exist without previous savings) such that investments can be made in the present which will yield future returns. These investments produce more durable goods, make people’s lives more comfortable, and increase people’s life expectancy. Factors which can contribute to a decrease in time preference are maturation from childhood to adulthood and advancement of knowledge. If time preferences were always high, then nobody would forgo current consumption for the sake of future consumption, i.e. nobody would save and there would be no investment. (3-8)

Capital goods are valued only insofar as they are intermediate products used to turn out final consumer goods. The consumer is sovereign and all prices (less institutional interference) in the supply chain are adjusted according to his demand and willingness to pay. The difference in price between a final consumer good and the originary factors required to produce it is the price paid for time, i.e. possessing the good today rather than creating it oneself. (3)

Investment & Interference

In the beginning, there was only “land” (natural resources) and “labor” (human bodies). Everything else was the result of somebody appropriating (homesteading) nature and acting upon it (with labor or technical knowledge). A potato in hand today (natural resource), a belief or understanding of how potatoes grow (technical knowledge), and the willingness to forgo consumption of that potato today (savings) are all required in order for someone to plant that potato and yield ten new potatoes for consumption next year. These sorts of appropriations and transformations increase the value of one’s present goods, which in turn decreases one’s time-preference rate. Where property rights are violated and goods are stolen, or under conditions where this is more likely to occur, then the supply or value of present goods decreases, which in turn increases time preference. (9-11)

Crime and the risk or likelihood of crime causes one to lose present goods or reallocate those goods, which effectively raises one’s time-preference rate – just as an increase in natural disasters reduces supply of present goods and increases time preference. Likewise, civilization is permanently impaired when government violates property rights or enacts regulation which limits what an owner may or may not do with their property, as victims may not legitimately defend themselves against such violations. Like crime, these interferences on private-property rights by government reduce the supply of present goods and raise time-preference rates, but unlike crime, these interferences are continual and institutionalized, and so further increase risks of future production and decrease expected returns on future production. (12-14)

Public & Private Government

Governments are territorial monopolists with an inherent tendency toward growth. Different forms of government lead to differing degrees of decivilization (falling time preferences), but all are a constant threat to civilization (rising time preferences). Typically, governments start small, and usually in the form of personal rule or private ownership of government (monarchy). These private owners are more likely to be already socially recognized as an elite, with some record of past achievement. Democracies, on the other hand, cannot naturally acquire legitimacy in the same way; they gain legitimacy by war or revolution. (15-17)

Kings and queens, as private owners of government, have a lower time preference than democratic leaders precisely because their role as governors includes ownership. If they tax too high, future production falls and thus future income falls. Their personal ownership over government incentivizes them to preserve the present value of their kingdom. In addition, since nobody outside the immediate family can ever expect to become the next king, this private ownership further incentivizes the governors to preserve the long-run value of the kingdom, since it is their own family which stands to benefit. For the ruled, without any realistic access into government, they develop a clearer “class consciousness” as a member of the “governed public,” and thus resist government’s power to tax further as well as government’s ability to wage war, since territorial expansion is viewed as a ruler’s private business which they must finance themselves. (19-23)

Democrats, on the other hand, can use government to their advantage but do not own it. They have a limited window to plunder and profit from their position of power, and so have no incentive to preserve the capital value of the nation, as they lose access to any resources left unappropriated when they leave office. Instead of maintaining or enhancing the resources and production power of the nation, democrats will “use up as much of the government resources as quickly as possible, for what he does not consume now, he may never be able to consume.” Furthermore, since anybody can conceivably become a member of the ruling class, the governed public has a fuzzier class consciousness, and therefore offers weaker resistance against government power. This results in higher tax rates and greater numbers of people as public servants with higher degrees of time preference. (24-26)

Debt, Private Property & Redistribution

Public governments are also more likely to incur debt, since those debts are owned by the public, whereas kings and queens are constrained by the fact that they and their heirs are personally liable for repayment. (27)

More importantly, kings & queens will want to strengthen private property laws since their own kingdoms are their private property; to weaken private property rights effectively weakens their own claim over the territory. Thus, they seek to uphold preexisting private property law. In contrast, public governments create and administer their own laws – laws which exempt government agents from liability – which subverts and supercedes the prevailing private law and erodes property rights. (28)

This erosion of private law and prevailing property rights is further exascerbated by suffrage. Since, in democracies, anybody can run for government, “the advocacy and adoption of redistributive policies is predestined to become the very prerequisite for anyone wanting to attain or retain a government caretaker position.” Private governments represent a “consumption state” while democracies are transformed in a “welfare state.” (29)

Hoppe identifies three forms of redistribution: (1) transfer payments from the haves to the have-nots; (2) “free” or subsidized access to goods and services; and (3) “protection laws” which benefit one group of businessmen or consumers over other competing groups. Regardless of form, redistribution policies have two core effects: they increase uncertainty of the future, which as explained above is a decivilizing force, and they reward non-producers at the expense of more productive members of society. Consequently, the future will be more uncertain, investment in the future will decrease, time preferences for the present will rise, the underperforming will be rewarded, and the most productive members of society will be punished. There is now less incentive to work and earn income, more immediate consumption, more shortsightedness, and all of these negative effects reinforce each other. (30-33)

Warfare

Private governments are expected to finance their own wars; public governments can effectively rack up as much debt as they want for it. Privately-owned governments can engage better in treaties, since there is less likelihood a new administration will nullify them; they can also intermarry to secure peace instead of waging war. In contrast, public governments wage total war driven by ideology (see Introduction above). (36-41)

As for the track record of publicly-owned governments, besides total war on a global scale, it also has the unique distinction of producing communism, fascism, and national socialism. Public governments have produced an endless rise of taxes, debt, inflation, and public employment. At the same time, marriage has weakened, birth rates and wages have declined or stagnated, and there have been increasing rates of divorce, illegitimacy, single parenthood, and abortion. (42)

In conclusion of the chapter, Hoppe explains that public opinion is the only means by which to prevent this continual process of decivilization. Government itself (public or private) is not to be praise for civilization; rather, strong private property rights (and individual responsibility) are responsible for civilization, through its tendency to decrease time-preference (and thus increase saving and investment). (43)

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Synopsis incomplete.

Don’t Vote — It Just Encourages the Bastards is a 2010 book by P. J. O’Rourke. It describes the American politico-economic system and his personal journey from the left-wing to libertarianism.

Synopsis

For better or worse, this is one of P. J. O’Rourke’s more serious books. He spends a fair amount of time on political theory, e.g. the U.S. model as one of free people consenting to being governed as opposed to governed people permitted to be “free,” and the “pursuit of happiness” as an unparalleled unalienable right among the founding documents and constitutions of developed nations.

He also delights in delineating between negative and positive rights, or “get-outa-heres” and “gimmes.” Negative rights are freedoms from or shall nots, whereas positive rights are for or rights to something (e.g. “shall not be infringed” vs. “shall enjoy the right to”).

Positive rights themselves, in turn, are absurdly expandable… Even negative rights aren’t free… But positive rights require no end of money.

One of O’Rourke’s core theses is that the free market is not an economic ideology, per se, but rather the quickest, most accurate, and most effective system for measuring “what people are willing to pay for a given thing at a given moment.” This is all that the free market does — provides us with information.

To obtain this crowd-sourced measurement of value, the free market requires a social system which permit individuals to choose for themselves their means of employment, what they wish to have and accomplish, and to freely exchange their products of labor with one another. Without these, the measurement is distorted.

In practice, our markets aren’t free: certain businesses are not allowed to fail (bailouts); certain industries are price controlled (rent ceilings); certain goods are barred and restricted (tariffs). Then there’s excessive taxation, cronyism, and all the other delights of modern politic.

Part history, part theory, and part autobiography, Don’t Vote offers a 10,000-foot view on O’Rourke’s understanding of political theory, and a 10-foot view on how it impacted him personally.

Excerpts

Quotations

History is a tragedy and not a morality tale. — Christopher Hitchens

The man of system… is apt to be very wise in his own conceit; and is often so enamored with the supposed beauty of his own ideal plan of government, that he cannot suffer the smallest deviation from any part of it. — Adam Smith

“Scientific socialism” would hold especial attraction for intellectuals by promising to replace spontaneous and messy life with a rational order of which they would be the interpreters and mentors. — Richard Pipes

Sometimes it is said that man cannot be trusted with the government of himself. Can he then be trusted with the government of others? — Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural Address

A democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of government. It can only exist until a majority of voters discover that they can vote themselves largesse out of the public treasury. — Attributed to Alexander Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee, Scottish jurist ca. 1800

Rights & Freedom

Even negative rights aren’t free. They entail a military, a constabulary, a judiciary, and a considerable expenditure of patience by our neighbors. But positive rights require no end of money, and money is the least of their cost.

Yet we do know some things that we want from a political system, whether we care to know or not. What we want, from even the freest political system, is relief from freedom. Freedom is not a tranquil condition, witness all the killing, fucking, and marrying involved. We want order and safety, per Hobbes and Locke. That is, we want the police, the army, and TSA to be on the lookout (for other people, thank you). But we also want somewhere to turn when our weather, our economy, our health, our luck, or ourself screws up.

Power, freedom, and responsibility are the main features of our politics. We pay with our freedoms to relieve ourselves of our responsibilities, and this is how others get their power over us.

Power you have over me is power I lose to you.

The power of politics is based on a fallacious understanding of “rights.” We have to give up all our ideas of positive rights, gimme rights. To get rid of our positive rights we have to embrace our duties. The helpless and hapless don’t have a right to our assistance, but we have absolute, inescapable — unalienable, if you will — duties to assist them.

Markets & Economics

Try paying your mortgage with a hug.

The free market is not a creed or an ideology that political conservatives, libertarians, and Ayn Rand acolytes want Americans to take on faith. The free market is simply a measurement. The free market tells us what people are willing to pay for a given thing at a given moment. That’s all the free market does. The free market is a bathroom scale. We may not like what we see when we step on the bathroom scale, but we can’t pass a law making ourselves weigh 165. Liberals and leftists think we can.

The misconception is that unlimited expansion of prosperity can be created by unlimited expansion of credit.

Capitalism, so called, is when free people accumulate capital of their own free will for use on freely determined projects.

The government makes off with one-fourth of our goods and services. Then the government gives those goods and services back to us. (In a slightly altered form, the way a horse gives the hay we feed it back to us in a slightly altered form.)

We wouldn’t want our money to have any actual monetary value, would we? That would violate all of the economic thinking that has been done since John Maynard Keynes.

The advantage of a tax abatement over a stimulus plan is that, instead of idiots in Washington spending your and my money, us idiots get to spend our own.

There is no such thing as a trade imbalance. Trade can’t be out of balance because a balance is what trade is. Buyers and sellers decide that one thing is worth another. All free trade is balanced trade.

There is no such thing as a trade deficit. It doesn’t matter if America imports all its goods from China and exports nothing but pieces of paper. The Americans want the iPad and the Chinese want the handsome portraits of Benjamin Franklin. This is free trade. No coercion is involved.

Treasury won’t give anything to anybody for their American money except more American money.

No government proposal more complex than “This note is legal tender for all debts, public and private” ever works.

In a moment of childish innocence I once asked her [grandmother] what the difference was between Republicans and Democrats. She said, “Democrats rent.”

Collective has been tried in every conceivable form from the primitively tribal to the powerfully Soviet, and “the people” who are thus collectivized immediately choose any available alternative.

Adages

We don’t vote to elect great persons to office. They’re not that great. We vote to throw the bastards out.

The most sensible request we make of government is not “Do something!” but “Quit it!”

There are very few excuses for allowing goods and services to be allocated by political means unless you’re trying to get something that isn’t yours.

Listen carefully to that most politically engaged and informed radio network NPR and hear the evident relish with which it reports misfortune, inequity, and suffering around the world. The unspoken gleeful message is,

The reasons for a war may be highly principled. The conduct of a war can not be.

Under a system of public financing of political campaigns, people trying to change the government would have to go to the government to get the money to try to change the government.

It is the duty of every politically informed and engaged person to do everything he or she can to prevent politics.

What’s bad for us is good for politicians. They line up to lick our wounds. They love it when we’re hurt.

I remained determined that wealth should be shared with everyone, especially me.

Truthfully, all causes are boring. They are a way of making yourself part of something bigger and more exciting, which guarantees that small, tedious selves are what a cause will attract.

Dracula is an 1897 horror novel by Bram Stoker. It introduced the Count Dracula character and is told through diary entries, letters, and newspaper clippings.

Synopsis

The opening chapters detail a lawyer who visits Transylvania and slowly discovers that he’s essentially become a prisoner to Count Dracula, who sleeps in dirt and slithers down walls. Good stuff.

After that it gets a little boring, with passengers mysteriously disappearing on a ship headed to England. Surprise, it’s Dracula.

Then it gets really boring, as we learn about marriage proposals between two slags. The only saving grace is an apparent psychotic in a local ward who first collects then eats insects, spiders, birds, and rats.

One of the slags gets sick and dies, despite lots of garlic. Turns out her death was due to Dracula, and some gent named Val Helsing teaches them how to fight the vampire, which involves inoculating the boxes of special dirt that Dracula has to sleep in at night.

The remaining slag is forced to drink Dracula’s blood so he can control her, but the heroes turn that against Dracula and use her hysteria to track him down. Apparently he took a box of his special dirt back to Transylvania.

Once in Transylvania, the heroes evade some gypsies protecting the Count and somehow manage to kill him with a knife to the heart. The slag recovers and they agree they won’t be able to convince others of their story.

The end.

Dubliners is a 1914 novella by James Joyce. It is comprised of fifteen short stories (chapters) set in Dublin, Ireland.

It’s a hard one to categorize since the stories aren’t really connected. Some chapters are more interesting than others. Being Joyce’s first major publication it’s less cohesive than his latter novels, which contain clearer storylines and styles; but since it’s Joyce, it has its critical defenders.

At least as of last reading, its commensurable with A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man in entertainment value. Good for good characters and quick reads.

The Excel Best Practices Project (XBPP) outlines best practices for financial modeling in Microsoft Excel, with an emphasis on discounted cash flows.

There are five (5) core tenets, in no particular order:

  1. Comprehensibility
  2. Compatability
  3. Internal Consistency
  4. Function over Form
  5. Separate Input from Output

Comprehensibility

The quicker your workbook can be comprehended by others, the better.

For comprehensibility, you should document what’s happening on each worksheet and try to avoid using excessively complex formulas. This might mean you use “helper” columns or rows to accomplish your task across multiple cells instead of using a long formula that’s difficult to audit.

Your worksheets should be ordered by importance from left-to-right, going from a table of contents sheet (if necessary), to output sheets (executive summary), to input sheets (which drive the model), to calculation sheets (which do the heavy lifting). Also, reset all worksheets to the A1 cell and select the leftmost worksheet before closing the workbook.

Fonts should have monospace numbers so periods and commas align within each column. This probably also requires you to select certain cell formatting to keep everything aligned. Eventually, the bottom of this article will provide details on how to keep the periods, commas, and parenthesis aligned for dollar amounts, integers, and percentages.

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  10,000.00
  (4,000.00)
    (300.00)
   5,700.50
      25.50%     

Compatability

Models should function regardless of software settings – or specify the needs

The model should work regardless of the version of Excel or its settings.

Generally speaking, it’s fine to use newer functions instead of legacy ones to preserve compatibility. One of the main settings that may break a model when shared with another user, for example, is that the creator has Iterative Calculation enabled whereas the other does not. This is of particular interest for the core financial statements, where the projected pro forma Balance Sheets carry a cash & equivalents value which increases (usually at the risk-free rate) on the Income Statement, while the Income Statement generates returns based on the Balance Sheet. The Income Statement is (in part) being generated by the Balance Sheet, and the Balance Sheet is (in part) being driven by the Income Statement.

The Iterative Calculation setting can usually resolve these circular references, but if another user doesn’t have that setting enabled, then the pro forma statements won’t balance. Unfortunately, in such a case, the best available workaround is to write a macro which resolves the circular reference, but then the other user needs to run code which they may not have audited.

Given these constraints, the creator needs to either clearly specify the software setting required for the model to function, or convince the other user to run the (unaudited) macro.

Internal Consistency

Do similar things the same way.

For legibility, perform similar actions using the same method or styling each time.

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  Do this:      Not this:
  ____A____     ____A_____
1| =1         1| =1
2| =A1 + 1    2| =A1 + 1
3| =A2 + 1    3| =A2 * 1.5
4| =A3 + 1    4| =2 + 2
5| =A4 + 1    5| =sqrt(25

Function over Form

Emphasize accuracy over beauty.

It’s always better to have an ugly working model than a beautiful broken model.

Text colors should be informative, to quickly identify inputs, outputs, and dependencies.

  • Black text should be used for plain text, formulas, and cell references on the same worksheet.
    • It shouldn’t need to be modified, as it simply outputs or calculates results.
  • Blue text indicates an input or hard-coded data.
    • It indicates a value which may be changed as an input to the model.
  • Green text indcates a cell reference on a different sheet in the same workbook.
    • It simply pulls data inputted or calculated on another sheet.
  • Red text indicates a cell reference in a different workbook.
    • It pulls data from another file, indicating dependency on another workbook.

Separate Input from Output

Clearly distinguish which cells drive the model.

Requires exiftool (package perl-image-exiftool on Arch Linux).

To view metadata, simply run exiftool with a filename as the argument.

To recursively rename all files in a directory and subdirectories based on their metadata date (YYYY-MM-DD-001, etc.), review the following. Note: it’s advisable to make a copy of the parent directory in case the command below doesn’t operate as intended.

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exiftool -fileOrder DateTimeOriginal -recurse -extension JPG -extension PNG -ignoreMinorErrors '-FileName<CreateDate' -d %Y-%m-%d%%-.3nc.%%e /directory/with/files
  • -fileOrder DateTimeOriginal orders the files by date before renaming, so the numerical increment works across multiple directories
  • -recurse to run recursively into subdirectories
  • -extension to specify file extensions to operate upon
  • -ignoreMinorErrors to ignore minor errors and warnings
  • '-FileName<CreateDate' to rename files according to the “CreateDate” date and time and with naming convention YYYY-MM-DD-###.extension.

Requires ffmpeg. -i flag for input file, final argument output file.

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ffmpeg -i input.ape output.flac

To iterate through directory while preserving filenames:

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for f in *.ape; do ffmpeg -i "$f" "${f%.ape}".flac; done

Requires sshfs.

To mount a (local) network drive over SSH at boot:

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REMOTEUSER@REMOTEHOST:/REMOTE/DIR/TO/MOUNT /LOCAL/MOUNT/DIR fuse.sshfs noauto,x-systemd.automount,_netdev,users,idmap=user,IdentityFile=/home/LOCALUSER/.ssh/id_rsa,allow_other,reconnect 0 0
  • Replace REMOTEUSER with username of the remote server
  • Replace REMOTEHOST with the IP address of the remote server (or the server’s hostname, if it’s already defined in your /etc/hosts file
  • Replace /REMOTE/DIR/TO/MOUNT with the directory on the remote server you wish to mount
  • Replace /LOCAL/MOUNT/DIR with the local mount point for the remote directory (note: this directory must already exist)
  • Replace LOCALUSER with your local username
  • Update the path to IdentityFile if your RSA key is not located at .ssh/id_rsa

Note: You may want to exclude users and allow_other depending on your system setup.

fuse.sshfs specifies to use the FUSE-based filesystem client to mount over SSH; noauto,x-systemd.automount to disable automounting at boot, but allowing systemd to automount on demand once the local mount point is accessed; _netdev indicates filesystem requires network access; users allows any user to un/mount the filesystem; idmap=user to map file ownership between local and remote users; allow_other to allow users other than the one who mounted the filesystem to access it; reconnect to attempt reconnection if dropped; 0 0 to disable filesystem dumping and prevent fsck from automatically checking filesystem at boot.

Requires git.

Note: This presumes you’re using Github, SSH authentication, and optionally different RSA keys for each account.

When connecting to a remote server via SSH, the ~/.ssh/config file is read for connection options. In this file you can define aliases for servers and specify which RSA key to authenticate with.

In this example, assume there are two GitHub accounts named UserA and User B, and they use different RSA keys, ~/.ssh/userA and ~/.ssh/userB. The ~/.ssh/config file would look like the following:

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Match host UserA
    Hostname github.com
    IdentitiesOnly yes
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/userA

Match host UserB
    Hostname github.com
    IdentitiesOnly yes
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/userB

Then, in your local git repositories, define the remote origin using the aliases above. If the host match above for “UserA” was for a Github account named “MyUser”, and the repository was named “MyRepo”, the command would be the following:

1
git remote add origin git@UserA:MyUser/MyRepo.git

All that changed within the git repository setup is that instead of using git@github.com in the remote origin, git@alias is used instead, as defined in ~/.ssh/config with the corresponding RSA key.

Requires grep.

To search all files in working directory for a substring:

1
find . -type f | xargs grep "search_query"

Heart of Darkness is an 1899 novella by Joseph Conrad. It is a story of conquest and imperialism in Africa, and was loosely adapted by Francis Ford Coppola’s into the Vietnam war film Apocalypse Now.

Synopsis

Charles Marlow, a sailor on the River Thames, tells his shipmates a story about working for an ivory trading company. He tells of his journey upon winding rivers into the heart of Africa, where he meets an accountant who tells him about a very successful tradesman named Kurtz, who runs a key trading post and delivers more ivory than any other tradesman for the company.

After a long trek inland, Marlow learns that the steamboat he’s supposed to command has been damaged. The manager on site tells Marlow that Kurtz has fallen ill and that his station might be at risk. Months pass as they begin repairs on a separate boat, and a brick-maker tells Marlow more of the legend of Kurtz – that he is a “prodigy” and a beacon of progress for the continent.

Once the ship is repaired, it’s another two months up river. Finally nearing the station, they awaken one foggy morning to arrows being shot at them from ashore, with one of his crewmen falling to a spear. Marlow uses the steam whistle to scare away the attackers and finally reaches Kurtz’s station.

They land at the station and learn from a stray Russian that the native savages worship Kurtz; that Kurtz is a warrior poet. Severed heads are impaled on posts around the station, and the natives carry Kurtz upon a stretcher to the steamboat. Once he’s been loaded on, Marlow finally learns the opposite side to Kurtz’s legend – that the company wants to remove him from the station; that his methods have hurt the business and its reputation.

In the middle of the night, Marlow catches Kurtz crawling back ashore. They bring him back aboard and leave the station the next morning, firing upon the natives as they part. Kurtz gives Marlow some documents and a photograph, asking him not to show their contents to the manager. As Kurtz dies aboard the steamboat, his final words are a faint whisper, “The horror! The horror!”

Marlow falls ill the next day but recovers. When he’s returned to Europe, Marlow is disillusioned with the modern world. He provides a journalist with Kurtz’s documents and goes to visit Kurtz’s fiancee. She pleads Marlow to tell her more about how Kurtz passed, to share his final words. Marlow lies and tells her that Kurtz’s parting word was her name.

Heretics is a 1905 collection of essays by G. K. Chesterton. It contains arguments against popular ideas by fashionable and/or contemporary authors of his day.

Synopsis

Chesterton begins with a defense of terminology, with orthodox traditionally being an adjective for correct. He suggests that even the most extreme partisans like violent anarchists must consider themselves orthodox to be morally justified in their actions.

Orthodox: Right, correct, true; in accordance with what is accepted or authoritatively established as the true view or right practice. — Oxford English Dictionary, accessed May 8, 2020.

He laments that in modern society everything seems to matter except that which is most practical and important — a man’s view of the universe: “A man’s opinions on tramcars matters; his opinion on Boticelli matters; his opinion on all things does not matter… [for] the modern idea is that cosmic truth is so unimportant that it cannot matter what any one says.”

He argues that we seem to talk of everything except the essential questions, such as “What is good?” and “What is the good of being a man?” The need for ever more “progress” is on the tip of everyone’s tongue, and yet, what is this “progress” we speak of — if we know not, truly, what we’re progressing from, leaving behind, or what we really need to become our best selves?

Chesterton attempts to peel back our conventional use of language to reveal the hidden beauty and mystery of the world, the sacred hiding in the profane. Even something as simple as a control station to coordinate train movements holds a depth of meaning. In the material, it is an electronic system for toggling colored lights; but in the poetical, “it is a place where men, in an agony of vigilance, light blood-red and sea-green fires to keep other men from death.”

Without intending to, for the word “conservative” appears no where near the following quote, Chesterton lays out one of the most sincere and simple explanations of the conservative impulse: “The moment we care for anything deeply, the world — that is, all the other miscellaneous interests — becomes our enemy.”

He goes on to argue that the cosmopolitan, the traveler, the global citizen lives in a smaller world, in some sense, than the local townsman. The argument isn’t particularly convincing, with the traveler noticing all the differences between people & places and the townsman focusing on similarities, but he builds on the idea later by suggesting that the traveler lives in a smaller ideological world because they’re able to find and congregate with like-minded people and their movement permits them to live unattached to community, whereas the townsman has no choice but to accept and live alongside his neighbors no matter their creed.

In his chapter on Shaw, Chesterton emphasizes that to compare man to der übermensch or a transhuman future or any other progressive ideal is to lose sight of the very thing in front of you — man in all his natural splendor, and beauty.

It is not seeing things as they are to start with a vision of Argus with his hundred eyes, and then jeer at every man with two eyes as if he had only one. And it is not seeing things as they are to imagine a demi-god of infinite mental clarity, who may or may not appear in the latter days of the earth, and then to see all men as idiots… When we really see men as they are, we do not criticise, but worship; and very rightly. For a monster with mysterious eyes and miraculous thumbs, with strange dreams in his skull, and a queer tenderness for this place or that baby, is truly a wonderful and unnerving matter.

Chesterton defends ritual as older than human thought; it arises from in feeling the nature of things that there are certain proper things to say and do.

In his chapter on Moore, Chesterton digs into the “formal doctrine of the sin of pride”: it is solitary, not social; it desires the applause of itself, not an audience; it inserts itself where it doesn’t belong. While Alfred Korzybski & Robert Anton Wilson would applaud the following quote, Chesterton is speaking not of recognizing the distinction between perception & reality, but rather of the ego’s insistence to draw focus upon itself.

And he intrudes the capital “I” even where it need not be intruded — even where it weakens the force of a plain statement. Where another man would say, “It is a fine day,” Mr. Moore says, “Seen through my temperament, the day appeared fine.” Where another man would say, “Milton has obviously a fine style,” Mr. Moore would say, “As a stylist Milton had always impressed me.”

There’s a lot of other interesting stuff too. The end.

Excerpts

The old restriction meant that only the orthodox were allowed to discuss religion. Modern liberty means that nobody is allowed to discuss it.

But there are some people, nevertheless—and I am one of them—who think that the most practical and important thing about a man is still his view of the universe.

The human race, according to religion, fell once, and in falling gained knowledge of good and of evil. Now we have fallen a second time, and only the knowledge of evil remains to us.

What is the good of begetting a man until we have settled what is the good of being a man? You are merely handing on to him a problem you dare not settle yourself.

The moment we care for anything deeply, the world—that is, all the other miscellaneous interests—becomes our enemy.

…The aim of the orator is to convince us that he is not an orator.

Moreover, a man with a definite belief always appears bizarre, because he does not change with the world; he has climbed into a fixed star, and the earth whizzes below him like a zoetrope. Millions of mild black-coated men call themselves sane and sensible merely because they always catch the fashionable insanity, because they are hurried into madness after madness by the maelstrom of the world.

The truth is, that all genuine appreciation rests on a certain mystery of humility and almost of darkness.

The truth is that there are no things for which men will make such herculean efforts as the things of which they know they are unworthy.

A permanent possibility of selfishness arises from the mere fact of having a self, and not from any accidents of education or ill-treatment.

Unless you are going deliberately to prevent a thing being good, you cannot prevent it being worth fighting for.

The fact of two things being different implies that they are similar [enough to be compared]… The hare and the tortoise may differ in the quality of swiftness, but they must agree in the quality of motion. The swiftest hare cannot be swifter than an isosceles triangle or the idea of pinkness. When we say the hare moves faster, we say that the tortoise moves. And when we say of a thing that it moves, we say, without need of other words, that there are things that do not move. And even in the act of saying that things change, we say that there is something unchangeable.

A man who has faith must be prepared not only to be a martyr, but to be a fool.

The chief characteristic of the “New Journalism” is simply that it is bad journalism. It is beyond all comparison the most shapeless, careless, and colourless work done in our day.

This is the real and essential tragedy of the sale of the Standard. It is not merely that journalism is victorious over literature. It is that bad journalism is victorious over good journalism.

And he intrudes the capital “I” even where it need not be intruded — even where it weakens the force of a plain statement. Where another man would say, “It is a fine day,” Mr. Moore says, “Seen through my temperament, the day appeared fine.” Where another man would say, “Milton has obviously a fine style,” Mr. Moore would say, “As a stylist Milton had always impressed me.” [On authors & journalists asserting themselves into the story.]

Humility is a permanent necessity as a condition of effort and self-examination.

The weak point in the whole of Carlyle’s case for aristocracy lies, indeed, in his most celebrated phrase. Carlyle said that men were mostly fools. Christianity, with a surer and more reverent realism, says that they are all fools. This doctrine is sometimes called the doctrine of original sin. It may also be described as the doctrine of the equality of men. But the essential point of it is merely this, that whatever primary and far-reaching moral dangers affect any man, affect all men. All men can be criminals, if tempted; all men can be heroes, if inspired. And this doctrine does away altogether with Carlyle’s pathetic belief (or any one else’s pathetic belief) in “the wise few.” There are no wise few. Every aristocracy that has ever existed has behaved, in all essential points, exactly like a small mob.

I do not know by what extraordinary mental accident modern writers so constantly connect the idea of progress with the idea of independent thinking. Progress is obviously the antithesis of independent thinking. For under independent or individualistic thinking, every man starts at the beginning, and goes, in all probability, just as far as his father before him.

An enormous amount of modern ingenuity is expended on finding defences for the indefensible conduct of the powerful.

The men and women who, for good reasons and bad, revolt against the family, are, for good reasons and bad, simply revolting against mankind.

They say they wish to be as strong as the universe, but they really wish the whole universe as weak as themselves.

In one sense, at any rate, it is more valuable to read bad literature than good literature. Good literature may tell us the mind of one man; but bad literature may tell us the mind of many men. A good novel tells us the truth about its hero; but a bad novel tells us the truth about its author. It does much more than that, it tells us the truth about its readers; and, oddly enough, it tells us this all the more the more cynical and immoral be the motive of its manufacture. The more dishonest a book is as a book the more honest it is as a public document. A sincere novel exhibits the simplicity of one particular man; an insincere novel exhibits the simplicity of mankind. The pedantic decisions and definable readjustments of man may be found in scrolls and statute books and scriptures; but men’s basic assumptions and everlasting energies are to be found in penny dreadfuls and halfpenny novelettes. Thus a man, like many men of real culture in our day, might learn from good literature nothing except the power to appreciate good literature. But from bad literature he might learn to govern empires and look over the map of mankind.

The idea that there is something English in the repression of one’s feelings is one of those ideas which no Englishman ever heard of until England began to be governed exclusively by Scotchmen, Americans, and Jews.

If there is one thing more than another which any one will admit who has the smallest knowledge of the world, it is that men are always speaking gravely and earnestly and with the utmost possible care about the things that are not important, but always talking frivolously about the things that are.

As I have pointed out elsewhere in this book, the expert is more aristocratic than the aristocrat, because the aristocrat is only the man who lives well, while the expert is the man who knows better.

Any man with a vital knowledge of the human psychology ought to have the most profound suspicion of anybody who claims to be an artist, and talks a great deal about art.

The worst form of slavery is that which is called Cæsarism, or the choice of some bold or brilliant man as despot because he is suitable. For that means that men choose a representative, not because he represents them, but because he does not. Men trust an ordinary man like George III or William IV because they are themselves ordinary men and understand him. Men trust an ordinary man because they trust themselves. But men trust a great man because they do not trust themselves. And hence the worship of great men always appears in times of weakness and cowardice; we never hear of great men until the time when all other men are small.

In practice the great difference between the mediæval ethics and ours is that ours concentrate attention on the sins which are the sins of the ignorant, and practically deny that the sins which are the sins of the educated are sins at all.

Modern laws are almost always laws made to affect the governed class, but not the governing.

Somebody complained, I think, to Matthew Arnold that he was getting as dogmatic as Carlyle. He replied, “That may be true; but you overlook an obvious difference. I am dogmatic and right, and Carlyle is dogmatic and wrong.”

No man ought to write at all, or even to speak at all, unless he thinks that he is in truth and the other man in error.

On the American Ideology is a 2019 speech by Hans-Hermann Hoppe. The speech was translated and transcribed from German by Ohad Osterreicher.[1] The video can be found on Osterreicher’s YouTube channel.

“We paint the world to ourselves as we like – until everything breaks down and no longer holds.”

We live in the age of the American Empire. It can be that this empire will someday crumble. In the foreseeable future, however, it is here to stay, not on account of its military strength but first and foremost because of its ideological power. For the American empire has achieved something truly remarkable: the internalization of its core belief system as an intellectual taboo into the minds of most people.

Granted, all states rest upon aggressive violence, and the USA is no exception. The United States as well do not hesitate to annihilate everyone who opposes their legislative despotism. Though the USA had thus far employed little actual violence to have its orders submissively followed because the overwhelming majority of the population and especially of the opinion-forming intellectuals have accepted the system of values and convictions which makes up the American empire.

According to the official, USA approved belief system, we are all equally intelligent and reasonable people, who are confronted with the same “harsh reality” and are bound to the same facts and truths. Of course, it is true, that even in the age of the American empire, in the USA, people do not live in the best of all worlds. There are many more problems to be solved. Though with the American system of a democratic state, humanity has found the perfect institutional framework which makes the next step in the direction of a perfect world possible; and if only would the American system of democracy takeover worldwide, would the way to perfection be clear, smooth and free.

The single legitimate form of government is democracy. All other forms of government are worse, and any government is better than none. Democratic states like the USA are of the people, by the people and for the people. In democracies no one rules over the other; instead, the people rule over themselves and are thus free. Taxes in democratic states are therefore contributions and payments for governmentally provided services; accordingly, tax avoiders are thieves, who take without paying. To provide shelter for fleeing thieves is thus an act of aggression against the people, from whom they are trying to escape.

Though there are still other forms of governments around the world. There are monarchies, dictatorships, theocracies, and there are feudal landowners, tribes, and warlords. And for this reason, democratic states often must necessarily deal with non-democratic states. Eventually, all states must be converted to the American ideal, because only democracy allows for a peaceful and continual change for the better.

Democratic states like the USA and its European allies are inherently peaceful and do not wage war against each other. If they must fight any wars all at, then these are preventive wars of defense and liberation against aggressive and undemocratic states, that is, just wars. All countries and territories that are presently in war with or occupied by American troops or its European allies – Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq, Libyan, Syrian, Sudan, Somalia and Yemen – were therefore guilty of aggression and their war waging and occupation on behalf of the democratic West were an act of self-defense and liberation. However, there is still much to be done. Especially Russia and China still pose a huge threat and must be liberated, in order to make the world finally safe.

Private property, markets, and profits are useful institutions, but a democratic state must ensure that with the appropriate legislation, private property and profits are acquired and used in a socially responsible manner and that markets function efficiently. Moreover, markets and profit-seeking entrepreneurs cannot produce public goods and are thus incapable of satisfying any social needs. And they cannot take care of the truly needy. Only the state can take care of social needs and the less fortunate. The state alone can, through the finance of public goods and aid to the poor, increase the public welfare, and diminish poverty and the number of the needy, if completely not eliminate.

Especially the state has to put the private vice of greed of the pursuit of profit under control. Greed and the pursuit of profit were the leading causes of the most recent large financial crisis. Reckless financiers generated an irrational exuberance among the public, which ultimately had to crash into reality. The market was wrecked, and only the state stood ready to save the day. Only the state, through appropriate regulation and supervision of the banking industry and financial markets, can prevent such a thing from happening again. Banks and companies went bankrupt, yet the state and its central banks held ground and protected the money and jobs of the workers.

Advised by the leading and best-paid economists in the world, states and especially the USA have discovered the causes of economic crises and realized that in order to get out of an economic mess, the people must simultaneously consume more as well as invest more. Every cent under the mattress is a cent withheld from consumption and investment, which in turn impairs future consumption and investment expenditure. In a recession, spending must first of all and under all circumstances be increased; and when the people do not spend enough of their own money, the state has to do it instead. Prudently, states have this option, for their central banks can produce any necessary liquidity. If billions of Dollars or Euros are not enough, then trillions will do; and if trillions do not meet the goal, then surely quadrillions will. Only massive state expenditure can prevent an otherwise unavoidable economic meltdown. In particular, unemployment is the result of low consumption: people who do not have enough money to buy consumer goods; this problem must be remedied by providing them with higher wages or higher unemployment benefits.

When the last financial crisis is finally overcome, the democratic state can and must devote itself once more to the really urgent remaining problems of humanity: the battle against inequality, the elimination of all unjust discrimination, and the control of the global environment and the global climate in particular.

In principle, all people are equal. Differences are only apparent, shallow and meaningless: some people are white, some brown, some black, some are big, others are small; some are fat and others thin; some are male, and some are female; some speak English and others Polish or Chinese as mother tongue. These are accidental human traits. It is a coincidence that some people possess these and some do not. But accidental traits like these have no influence whatsoever on and do not correlate with mental properties like motivation, time preference or intellectual abilities, and they do not contribute to the explanation of economic and social success, especially of income and wealth. Mental and psychic properties have no physical, biological or ethical basis and are limitlessly malleable. In this regard is everyone, except for a few pathological individual cases, equal to the other, and every nation has made in the course of history a contribution to civilization of equal value or would have done so, if only it would have gotten the same chance. Seemingly obvious differences are solely the result of different external circumstances and education. All differences in income and achievements between Whites, Asians, and Blacks, women and men, Latins, Anglos-Saxons and Thais as well as Christians, Hindus, Protestants, and Moslems would disappear, if only equality of opportunity would be established. If instead it will be discovered, that all these different accidental groups are unequally represented in and distributed across different levels of income, wealth, or professional status, some are richer and more successful than others, then this demonstrates unjust discrimination; and such discrimination must be counterbalanced through appropriate, targeted affirmative action on behalf of the state, in which the discriminators have to compensate the unjustly discriminated.

And the studies of the leading and best paid social scientists have clearly shown, who, above all, are the discriminators. The people in question are first and foremost white heterosexual males and the institution of the traditional, patriarchal organized family. It is, therefore, most notably this group of people and this institution which must compensate all other groups and apologize to all other forms of social organization.

But this would not do. The reparations to all disadvantaged, to all victims of inequality and discrimination, require likewise strong governmental support of multiculturalism. The highly developed and white male dominated countries of the Western world have obtained their wealth at the expense of the inhabitants of all other regions of the world and are caught in a disastrous and prejudiced particularism and nationalism. This situation lends itself to be overcome through the promotion and systematic incentivization of immigration of people from different, foreign countries and cultural environments, in order to ensure that the foreign immigrants could finally unleash their full human potential and simultaneously replace the Western parochialism with an authentic cultural diversity.

And with the victory over the disastrous particularism and nationalism through a systematic policy of multiculturalism is one finally able to turn to the crucial stride toward a solution to the undoubtedly biggest global, borderless and world-encompassing problem of climate change. Divergent particularistic and nationalistic interests have thus far lead to the fact that the production and the consumption of non-renewable energy sources were left mostly unregulated and worldwide uncoordinated. And that is why, as the leading and best-paid climate researchers have undoubtedly proven, is the whole globe threatened by unimaginable catastrophes: floods, strong and sudden rising sea levels and the emergence of fatal ecological disequilibria and instabilities. Only through a worldwide, concentrated action by all states, and ultimately the establishment of a supranational world government under the leadership of the USA and an enforced systematic regulation of any production and consumption activities, can this life-threatening danger be avoided. “The common good comes before the individual good” – this is above all, what the problem of climate change shows, and it is on the states and especially on the USA to permanently implement this principle.

Now, I tell you no secret when I admit that I hold this for a massive pile of rubbish, for complete nonsense and a highly dangerous one at that – but I also do not belong to the leading and best-paid economics and social scientists, and of climate research, I understand nothing at all! Except that I know, for example, that a global climate warming is no global problem, but one that affects people in different places of the globe entirely differently, a curse for one is a boon for the other, and insofar downright forbids a global solution.

Question: who are we to thank for this nonsense, whom does it benefit, and how is it that we are fed daily with it by the official media?

Here I want to hint at the answer only very briefly. It has two parts. One has to do with the institution of a state, and especially of a democratic state, with its occupants and representatives. And the other has to do with the intellectuals.

The state is a monopoly of legislation and law enforcement. In all conflicts, including those which it or its representatives are involved in, the state or people appointed by the state decide who is right or wrong. The predictable result is: the state is always right, in everything that does. Whether robbed, plundered, killed, lied to and threatened in the name of the state – or summarized in single sentence: when force is exerted on other people and violence is used against other persons – everything can and everything will be painted by it and its agents as just and assigned with another, deceptive and attractive name. This makes the institution of the state naturally attractive for all people who would like to rob, plunder, kill, lie, defraud other people, that is, use violence against others. Above all, it is these kinds of people who therefore try to infiltrate and take over the institution of the state. And if, as under democratic conditions, the entrance in and the occupation of the state stands free and open for everyone, that is, when it becomes a downright competition for votes between power thirsty crooks, then it is to expect, that the persons who will get to the top of the state are those who possess the greatest talent of rhetorically covering up their own predatory, treacherous and murderous intentions and selling these as good deeds to the voting masses. In short: The best demagogues, the best pied pipers, and corrupters get to the top.

Though when one looks at these democratically elected politicians and members of parliament, whom day by day impose their obvious megalomaniac will though law or decree on millions of people– can one only marvel. Because these people are as a rule not some kind of formidable, impressive alpha males or females, but an epitome of mediocracy or merely a collection of losers, idiots and failures, who have never in their entire life produced a product or rendered a service which someone would have voluntarily bought with his own money.

And faced with these tragic figures, who grandiosely claim to be “our” highest representatives, the question then arises, whether such light-calibrated people are even in the position of conceiving by themselves the entire nonsense which they tell us every day, and furthermore, whether they have what it takes to come up with the diverse justifications and rationalizations for this nonsense which they everywhere feed us.

There one surely has a considerable doubt! And that leads me directly to the second part of my answer to the question of the originators and beneficiaries of the above described “politically correct” view of the world and the nature of things: the intellectuals, or put more precisely, those intellectuals who occupy themselves with social, economic and philosophical question and problems, and their connection to the state and its leaders.

As in the case of the politicians, so is there in the case of the intellectuals hardly a person who through her intellectual work, her writings and speeches, for these are what she produces, that could secure a comfortable livelihood and income. The market demand for such products is low and is furthermore subject to large deviations. Only a small number of intellectuals would succeed in making a profession out of their writings and speeches. The vast majority of actual or alleged intellectuals would be advised to conduct their scientific interests as a mere inner vocation and to earn their livelihood elsewhere, by the practice of a normal civilian profession. But this naturally contradicts the feeling of self-esteem of an intellectual, and all those who view themselves as such. The intellectuals are convinced of the importance and value of their work like no other group and are accordingly resentful when the alleged appropriate high social recognition fails to materialize.

What is then left for them instead? They are usually not suitable for politics, for they are typically too honest and wonkish, too shy, awkward, introverted and particularly antisocial. And for this reason, they mostly lack the desire for power, which is precisely what makes a politician.

But the intellectuals are naturally smart enough to know that even if they are not made to be politicians, they nevertheless need the politicians to get the money required for a comfortable living. And they obviously also know what they must offer as a service in return so to get the biggest possible cut of their pillage: namely well-sounding justifications for continually expanding the powers of the state, and “bold” visions and programs with noble, well-intentioned goals, for example, that of “equality of all people” which cannot ever be achieved, no one can ever achieve, but precisely because of this one never has to give up on, but can repetitively revive and ceaselessly renew.

And so it comes to an unholy alliance: that of the early, monarchical times between church and crown, and that of today, in the American age, between democratic politicians and intellectuals. The result? Never before were there so many politicians and above all so many alleged intellectuals as well who live and indulge in luxuries at the expanse of an ever-decreasing number of productive persons. And never before, in order to stay among the intellectuals, have the numerous and large universities, as the publicly funded and supported citadels of intellectual power and influence and the breeding ground of future politicians and intellectuals, produced so much horrific intellectual nonsense and contributed to the misleading of the public as in our times.

In light of this fact, what can one do? I am afraid that not much – except to repetitively and openly call out the whole hoax. This means that for one thing, to recognize and describe the politicians for what they really are: a band of liars, crooks, robbers, murderers, and associates to murder; and treat them accordingly with contempt, scorn, and ridicule. But also their intellectual masterminds and assistants, without whom the politicians could never carry out their evil work, must be targeted, and as the first step toward a return to normalcy and sound human understanding, to common sense, it is imperative to push for the financial draining of the universities. Not only should all centers for Blacks, Latins, women, gender, and Queer-studies, and everything else that there is of this then unheard of exotica, be closed, but also the social science departments altogether, starting with political science and history, through sociology and up to economics and social and economic statistics (whose statistics also serve the goals of uncovering ever new “inequalities” and to call for redistribution or reeducation!) And likewise should the profession of the academic literary studies and criticism and, as much as it hurt me to say, the profession of the academic philosophers as well be thinned out. And the people who believe, that they know how one controls the climate, one should issue them a certificate of illness and send them for treatment in a psychiatric clinic.

This does not mean that one should have anything in principle against the work of political scientists, sociologists, economists, statisticians, literary critics, philosophers or climate scientists, or wish that they should cease to exist. Without a doubt, there will be people who genuinely occupy themselves with questions and problems of all disciplines. And that is good and necessary. But surely would the number of such scientists be much smaller. But quantity is not the same as quality, and the reduction in the number of tax-funded social scientists of all kinds is by no means tantamount to an intellectual descent. Completely the opposite. Freed from the intellectual pollution which is currently produced by the universities, appear once more the possibility of a rise of a class of new and better intellectuals, characterized by firm stance and authentic understanding of reality.

Yet all of this lies, if it is even possible to arrive at, in the far future. But thank god one need not wait for it any longer. For in the niches of the present madhouse, totally apart from today’s universities and schools and the ongoing charade, there is, in any case in Vienna, around Vienna, and all around Vienna in the German-speaking region, still – or even better: once more – a place in which though one cannot earn any professional credentials or governmental certificates, but in which man can acquire real education and learn and practice critical thought and argumentation: Rahim’s Scholarium.

[1] Ohad Osterreicher is studying undergraduate economics at the University of Bayreuth, Germany.

How the Scots Invented the Modern World is a 2001 book by historian Arthur Herman. The book describes how the Scots had a disproportionate impact on the modern world.

A short list of Scots of note:

  • Francis Hutcheson, philosopher
  • David Hume, philosopher and economist
  • Adam Smith, economist
  • James Watt, inventor and engineer
  • James Mill, historian and father to John Stewart Mill (born English)
  • Alexander Graham Bell, inventor and co-founder AT&T
  • Andrew Carnegie, industrialist

Journey to the Center of the Earth is an 1864 novel by Jules Verne. It follows three explorers on their journey into an inactive volcano in Iceland, where they discover creatures of the prehistoric world still live.

Synopsis

An orphaned young lad joins his eccentric mineralogist uncle to retrace the steps of an earlier explorer who allegedly found a route into the center of the earth. They prep materials, fly to Iceland, get a guide and climb down into a volcano. They trek deeper and deeper underground.

For three chapters they’re thirsty for water, and then they find some water. Eventually they come upon a subterranean ocean. Crossing it, they see ancient dinosaurs fighting below them, then they’re shipwrecked - but still with enough supplies to go on.

They explore the shore, see some tall prehistoric man trotting about, some skeletons, the usual. After finding their route caved in, they use some dynamite and accidentally unleash the water around them. The floods shoot them up and up and eventually out of Etna (a different volcano).

All are alive, and are well-esteemed in society.

The end.

Latter-Day Pamphlets is an 1850 collection of essays (“pamphlets”) by Thomas Carlyle. The eight essays are commentaries on political, religious, and social issues.

Synopsis

No. 1. The Present Time

On the (relatively) recent history of overthrowing kings and throwning democracy.

No. 2. Model Prisons

On how exemplary the prison system functions; how it’s sustained at the tax payers’ expense; and an argument that the “cosmic law of justice” is, underneath all, revenge.

No. 3. Downing Street

On current public leaders being unfit for service; wasteful and incompetent bureaucracies; and that an aristocratic model is the best means to employing competent governors.

No. 4. The New Downing Street

On his model government where the most able serve; on the unlikeliness of finding these most able individuals through universal suffrage; and an alternative model of government which is basically an unelected aristocracy with elections for nominal positions only.

No. 5. Stump-Orator

On the centrality of speech and language to the human experience; on society valuing slick lips over virtues; and on the ability of the ruling class to talk eloquent without really saying anything at all.

No. 6. Parliaments

On legislative bodies; how they’ve become the true sovereign of nations; how they talk and talk and talk while the real debates are held in the public square and by printing press.

No. 7. Hudson’s Statue

On a proposed statue to Oliver Crowell; on how far virtue and heroes have fallen; on the public’s worship of unworthy figures.

No. 8. Jesuitism

Not included in e-Book, so no description is available here (still unread).

An incomplete list of notable antisemites.

Low is a comic book series by Rick Remender, collecting 26 issues in 5 volumes between 2014 and 2021.

Synopsis

Billions of years from now, Earth becomes inhabitable and its people migrate to cities underwater. The submerged biodome-cities compete for survival as their oxygen-resources dwindle.

The story mostly follows the members of one family, the Caines, as they vie for survival and reunion across the biodome-cities. After being attacked by pirates, the father is killed and their daughters are kidnapped. A son, Marik, wasn’t aboard the ship at the time of the capture, but he and his mother grow estranged from the trauma. Eventually, they learn his sisters are still alive, but after brief reunions, they’re not destined to become a unified family again; death is all too common in the deep. The surviving members of the Caine family struggle to prevent the various biodome-cities from engaging in all-out war, with a plan that could make their oxygen resources abundant again.

Analysis

Low creates an engaging, immersive world for readers. The story itself is good, but not great. However, the artwork by Greg Tocchini and the coloring by Dave McCaig are fantastic, and elevate this tale of love, loss, and mystery in the deep sea.

MacBook Airch is an overview of installing Arch Linux to an early 2014 MacBook Air laptop.

Note: This system setup is no longer in use. Preserved for posterity.

This was originally going to be a guide for dual-booting Arch with OS X, but rEFInd is super ugly and OS X was being under-utilized on the original MacBook Air machine, so this outline nukes OS X and instead installs Arch 2020.07.01 on its own.

Installation

Follow the Installation Guide on ArchWiki but also review some of the issues outlined across the Mac page.

Wireless

Verify the Broadcom hardware is recognized by running lspci -k.

Disable some modules using rmmod b43 bcma ssb wl and then enable the Broadcom wireless LAN module with modprobe wl.

Now confirm the wlan0 (wlan-zero) is up using iw dev, and then connect to your network using iwctl. If iwctl won’t load, you may need to first enable the daemon with systemctl start iwd.service. Also, you may need to run dhcpcd afterwards to get assigned an IP address.

Partitions

When using fdisk to reformat, delete existing partitions and create the following:

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/dev/sda1   200MB          vfat   EFI
/dev/sda2   8GB [2x ram]   swap   Swap
/dev/sda3   20GB           ext4   /
/dev/sda4   Remaining      ext4   /home

Mounting

Enable swap on /dev/sda2 with mkswap /dev/sda2; swapon /dev/sda2. Create /boot and /home directories in /mnt and then mount as follows:

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/dev/sda1  /mnt/boot
/dev/sda3  /mnt
/dev/sda4  /mnt/home

Packages

Probably best to toss in broadcom-wl, iwd, dhcpcd, and nano when installing base packages.

Bootloader

Make sure to install a bootloader (e.g. GRUB) to the EFI at /boot (or was it /boot/EFI?) after chrooting in.

Post-Installation

First, reboot to make sure that the laptop loads Arch. If it doesn’t, restart installation.

i3 window manager

Given Arch, there’s a whole range of directions to go from here. We’ll go with i3, a window manager which defaults to tiling but supports stacking layouts.

Installation should be as easy as pacman -S i3-gaps or pacman -S i3. Arch should default to using i3-gaps.

Resources

Requires md5sum.

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find . ! -empty -type f -exec md5sum {} + | sort | uniq -w32 -D

. ! -empty -type f indicates to iterate through current directory for regular files, but exclude empty files; -exec md5sum {} + runs md5sum command on the selected, appended filenames; | sort organizes alphabetically; | uniq -w32 -D limits checksum comparison to the first 32 characters and prints all duplicate lines to stdout.

Useful for unorganized directories that likely contain duplicate files with different filenames.

Moby Dick; or, The Whale is an 1851 novel by Herman Melville. It’s a story about an obsessive ship captain chasing a white sperm whale.

The book was unsuccessful during Melville’s lifetime but is since reknown. It was inspired by an actual albino whale named Mocha Dick, as well as the unrelated whaleship Essex, which was sunk by a sperm whale and whose survivors resorted to cannibalism to stay alive.

Some of the most interesting parts, contrary to some popular opinion, are those interludes with actual historical information about whales and whaling. As a bygone era, and one uncommonly referenced today, the culture, traditions, and history of whales and the whaling industry are surprisingly rich, and the animals themselves undeniably impressive.

Yes, there is a captain named Ahab and a long, long whale chase. And sure, maybe it’s an allegory for the dangers inherent in any obsessive, uncompromising pursuit. But it’s still a fun journey and a fascinating slice of history.

Modern Manners: An Etiquette Book for Rude People is a 1994 book by P. J. O’Rourke.

There’s something about the folly of politics that brings out the best in O’Rourke – this, however, is a book on manners. It features his routine wit but just doesn’t punch quite like his other work.

When O’Rourke talks politics, there’s always kernels of truth among the giggles. But Modern Manners is different. It’s snark for snark’s sake.

Really, he just rags on “polite” society. Not actual polite people, but the crusty, image-conscious, blue-blooded gentry. But everyone already knows those folk are the walking, talking dead – predictably self-righteous and boring.

For actual books on manners, see The Curmudgeon’s Guide to Getting Ahead by Charles Murray or the GentleManners series by John Bridges.

Excerpts

Good breeding consists in concealing how much we think of ourselves and how little we think of the other person. – Samuel Clemens

Code of a Modern Gentleman:

  1. Never strike anyone so old, small, or weak that verbal abuse would have sufficed.
  2. Never steal anything so small that you’ll have to go to an unpleasant city jail for it instead of a minimum security federal tennis prison.
  3. Remember, the truth is rude. Consider the truth about where babies come from, especially some people’s.
  4. Never be unfaithful to a lover, except with your wife.
  5. Never transmit a sexual disease in public.
  6. Women and children should be protected in every tax-deductible way.
  7. Don’t pull on a crewneck sweater with a lit cigarette in your mouth.

An important person should be treated exactly like anyone else holding a gun at your head.

If you throw a drink in the face of a congressman, it will be regarded as a political statement, or as a moral judgment, or as an enviable thing others had been dying to do. But if you did not know he was a congressman, it will be regarded as felonious assault.

Monster is a manga series written by Naoki Urasawa. The series revolves around a brilliant surgeon, Dr. Tenzo, and his attempt to stop a young serial killer from committing further bloodshed. The series genre is primarily mystery, but also thriller and psychological.

This is perhaps one of the few manga series worth recommending to those typically uninterested in the style. It is violent – but without excess – and has well-designed twists-and-turns which don’t seem too unbelievable.

It was adapted into an anime series, and though this reviewer hasn’t yet watched it, they would recommend it nevertheless.

Premise

Dr. Tenzo, a surgeon, saves the life of a twin boy who was shot in the head. Shortly thereafter, three hospital administrators are found poisoned, and although Tenzo is the most likely suspect, no charges are pressed. However, Tenzo falls under suspicion again, years later, when another individual is found poisoned by the same method. And that young boy who’s life he saved – now a man – is behind it all.

Tenzo, stricken with guilt over saving the life of boy who becomes a murderer, must uncover the child’s past to not only prove his own innocent, but to prevent further bloodshed.

Notes from Underground is an 1864 novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky. It is an early example of an existentialist novel.

The novel isn’t high art but it does hold up, and the depiction of the unnamed protagonist is unfortunately all too relevant today. He’s angsty, emo, bitter, whiny, cringey, arrogant, and egocentric. Basically, he’s a redditor.

The Odyssey is an ancient Greek epic most commonly attributed to Homer. It tells the story of the king of Ithaca, Odysseus, as he journeys home after the Trojan War, and of his wife Penelope and son Telemachus while Odysseus is assumed dead. The Iliad is another work attributed to Homer about the Trojan War itself; the Odyssey is thus regarded loosely as its sequel.

It contains the core elements of Joseph Campbell’s monomyth or Hero’s Journey: a strange land, a journey home filled with trials and temptations, and a homecoming. The story and its themes have been widely adapted in other works, such as James Joyce’s Ulysses novel and the Coen brothers’s O Brother, Where art Thou? film.

Orthodoxy is a 1908 book by G. K. Chesterton. It is a Christian apologetic and companion to his 1905 book Heretics.

The book is more autobiographical than Heretics, but less interesting. It’s core thesis seems to be that Christianity is a truthful beauty of contradictions – not logically, but metaphorically. Jesus was man, but also God; man should be doubtful of himself, but undoubtful of the truth; the criminal must be forgiven, but not hist crime.

It’s a beautiful book, though probably unconvincing to the atheist, that puts into fair words the mysticism, wonder, and beauty of the Catholic tradition.

Excerpts

Mysticism keeps men sane. As long as you have mystery you have health; when you destroy mystery you create morbidity.

Liberalism has degraded into liberality.

The modern revolutionist doubts not only the institution he denounces, but the doctinre by which he denounces it.

I came to the conclusion that the optimist thought everything good except the pessimist, and that the pessimist thought everything bad, except himself.

Of course there may be pathetic emotional excuses for the act. There often are for rape, and there almost always are for dynamite.

In so far as I am Man I am the chief of creatures. In so far as I am man I am the chief of sinners

As long as the vision of heaven is always changing, the vision of earth will be exactly the same. No ideal will remain long enough to be realized, or even partly realized. The modern young man will never change his environment; for he will always change his mind.

The essence of all pantheism, evolutionism, and modern cosmic religion is really in this proposition: that Nature is our mother. Unfortunately, if you regard Nature as a mother, you discover that she is a step-mother. The main point of Christianity was this: that Nature is not our mother: Nature is our sister. We can be proud of her beauty, since we have the same father; but she has no authority over us; we have to admire, but not to imitate.

It will not be necessary for any one to fight again against the proposal of a censorship of the press. We do not need a censorship of the press. We have a censorship by the press.

There is a phrase of facile liberality uttered again and again at ethical societies and parliaments of religion: “the religions of the earth differ in rites and forms, but they are the same in what they teach.” It is false; it is the opposite of the fact. The religions of the earth do not greatly differ in rites and forms; they do greatly differ in what they teach.

Requires Arch Linux (pacman).

Find install location of package:

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pacman -Fql <PACKAGENAME> | grep -E "^usr/bin.+"

-F to query file database; -q to show less information for query; -l to list all files owned by given package; grep filters results to /usr/bin/.

Parliament of Whores is a 1991 book by P. J. O’Rourke that satirizes the U.S. government.

Synopsis

P.J. breaks down the daily on the U.S. government. There’s the three branches, where all are incompetent. There’s the extended bureaucracy, where all are incompetent. And there’s government spending, where all is wasted.

With the structure & financing of the federal government established, P.J. peeks into policy. What, exactly, does government buy with its spending? Turns out, not much. They waste money on drug policy, poverty initiatives, farm subsidies, and foreign aid.

Then he mocks public protests, the economics of radical ecologists, and the U.S. government’s most entitled entitlement program, Social Security.

It’s classic P.J. — incisive, irreverent, and now irrelevant. Most of the stories and statistics have aged with the tide of time, but still worth a chuckle. And for better or worse, P.J.’s description of incompetent and wasteful government spending is a quaint, bygone memory of better days — better days where incompetent and wasteful government spending was less incompetent and wasteful than it is today.

Excerpts

A little government and a little luck are necessary in life, but only a fool trusts either of them.

Democrats are also the party of government activism, the party that says government can make you richer, smarter, taller and get the chickweed out of your lawn. Republicans are the party that says government doesn’t work, and then they get elected and prove it.

And when Republicans ruin the environment, destroy the supply of affordable housing and wreck the industrial infrastructure, at least they make a buck off it. The Democrats just do these things for fun.

Many reporters, when they go to work in the nation’s capital, begin thinking of themselves as participants in the political process instead of as glorified stenographers. Washington journalists are seduced by their proximity to power

Newsmen believe that news is a tacitly acknowledged fourth branch of the federal system.

Numerous demonstrations, marches, PR stunts and other staged events are held in Washington to give journalists an excuse for not covering real events, which are much harder to explain.

It is a popular delusion that the government wastes vast amounts of money through inefficiency and sloth. Enormous effort and elaborate planning are required to waste this much money.

Now and then an innocent man is sent to the legislature. — Kin Hubbard

Feeling good about government is like looking on the bright side of any catastrophe.

Politicians are interested in people. Not that this is always a virtue. Fleas are interested in dogs.

The other secret to balancing the budget is to remember that all tax revenue is the result of holding a gun to somebody’s head. Not paying taxes is against the law. If you don’t pay your taxes, you’ll be fined. If you don’t pay the fine, you’ll be jailed. If you try to escape from jail, you’ll be shot.

A democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of government. It can only exist until a majority of voters discover that they can vote themselves largess out of the public treasury.

Whatever it is that the government does, sensible Americans would prefer that the government do it to somebody else. This is the idea behind foreign policy.

…A special interest is any person or group that wants to be treated differently from the rest of us by the government.

As always these days, they were joined by greedy celebrities who aren’t contented with fame and money and want a reputation for moral goodness, too.

The Perennially Indignant special interest groups have another lobbying technique besides altruism. When an appeal to overweening self-righteousness isn’t enough, the Indignants will argue that their special interest isn’t special after all; it’s general… If the government does what Indignants want, everyone will benefit, they claim… Or, better yet, everyone will die if the government doesn’t.

Tax cutting being a politician’s second favorite thing to do after raising taxes.

It is remarkable, on close inspection, what a lousy way to get things done democracy is. Not that democracy necessarily makes the wrong decisions. Private enterprise can do this with equal or greater ease. But in a democracy the decision-making process must be listened to. The great thing about the invisible hand of the market is not that it’s invisible but that it’s silent.

Theory is important, sure, but it shouldn’t get between a man and his wallet.

Piping (|) is passing the output from one application into the input of another.

Consider the following directory contents:

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ProjectA_Test
ProjectA_Test2
ProjectB_Demo
ProjectC_Alpha
ProjectC_Beta
ProjectD_January
ProjectD_February
ProjectD_March_Pass
ProjectD_March_Fail
ProjectD_April_TBD

To get a count of the number of files for each project, pipe ls to cut to uniq to sort. In this example, cut delimits the filename on the underscore character (_) and returns the first field; uniq -c counts the occurances of each of these filename substrings; and sort -h sorts the counted list from smallest to largest.

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ls | cut -d_ -f1 | uniq -c | sort -h

Result:

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1 ProjectB
2 ProjectA
2 ProjectC
5 ProjectD

Rrequires npm package manager for node.js.

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npx podcast-dl --url https://path/to/rss/feed --episode-template "{{release_date}} {{title}}" --archive archive.archive --include-meta --include-episode-meta --out-dir "."

--url for the podcast’s RSS feed; --episode-template for filename convention; --archive to write archive file to track which have already been downloaded; --include-meta to write podcast metadata to JSON; --include-episode-meta to write episode metadata to JSON; --out-dir for the output directory.

The James Joyce Preservation Project (JJPP) is a project to archive articles on and analysis of Joyce and his works from academic journals. All efforts and results of this project are not-for-profit, not-for-sale, and not-available-online. If you are a Joyce analyst, commentator, critic, or research student, please feel free to reach out as we may be able to help provide access to certain sources for your studies.

There are currently thirteen (13) sub-projects within the JJPP, two (2) of which were “completed” in early 2020. They should be revisited annually or biannually to capture new publications.

The primary goals of this project, in order, are Finnegans Wake, Ulysses, Joyce himself, Dubliners, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, and then others.

The results of the JPPP are not made publicly available, as the content is not ours to distribute.

Complete

JSA: Joyce Studies Annual

Completed as of March 2020.

The Joyce Studies Annual (JSA) journal is available on JSTOR. Journal appears to have been on hiatus 2004-2006.

2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990

EJS: European Joyce Studies

Completed as of March 2020.

The European Joyce Studies (EJS) journal is available on JSTOR.

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Incomplete

Note: In Chrome, hold Alt while clicking a link to automatically save to Downloads directory.

GJS: Genetic Joyce Studies

The Genetic Joyce Studies (GJS) journal doesn’t appear to be hosted on a digital library, but articles are available on its website.

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HJS: Hypermedia Joyce Studies

The Hypermedia Joyce Studies (HJS) journal doesn’t appear to be hosted on a digital library, but articles are available on its website.

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JJC: James Joyce Checklist

The James Joyce Checklist (JJC) at HRC, UT Austin doesn’t appear to be hosted on a digital library, but is available on its website.

The JJC does not host any articles itself, but is instead a bibliography of works about Joyce and his works. The goal for this subproject is to backup/mirror all content listed in the JJC.

JJCB: James Joyce Collection at Buffalo

The James Joyce Collection at Buffalo (JJCB) doesn’t appear to be hosted on a digital library, but is available on its website. Note also the digital collection of Joyce-related photographs.

The JJCB (ex-photographs) is a description of physical Joyce manuscripts & papers.

Key XXII XXI XX XIX XVIII XVII XVIXV XIV XIII XII XI X IX VIII VII VI V IV III II I

JJLS: James Joyce Literary Supplement

The James Joyce Literary Supplement (JJLS) is available on JSTOR.

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JJON: James Joyce Online Notes

The James Joyce Online Notes (JJON) doesn’t appear to be hosted on a digital library, but is available on its website.

All articles should be included in this subproject.

JJQ: James Joyce Quarterly

The James Joyce Quarterly (JJQ) is available on JSTOR and Project MUSE.

All issues should be accessible between JSTOR and Project Muse as they appear to reside on opposite sides of a T - 5 year moving wall.

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JSI: Joyce Studies in Italy

The Joyce Studies in Italy (JSI) doesn’t appear to be hosted on a digital library, but is available on its website.

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JOS: The Joyce of Science

Site is now offline, but appears to have been an early draft of the article The Joyce of Science: Quantum Physics in Finnegans Wake published in Irish University Review v24n2. Archival of this individual article will suffice.

JTM: Joyce Tool Maps

The Joyce Tool Maps (JTM) doesn’t appear to be hosted on a digital library, but is available on its website.

Th JTM contains digital maps which serve as references to Joyce’s work.

JTT: Joyce Tool Texts

The Joyce Tool Texts (JTT) doesn’t appear to be hosted on a digital library, but is available on its website.

The JTT contains early editions of Ulysses & Finnegans Wake publications.

Property, Freedom, and Society: Essays in Honor of Hans-Hermann Hoppe is a 2009 collection of essays honoring Hans-Hermann Hoppe, edited by Jorg Guido Hulsmann and Stephan Kinsella.

The collection is broken into five sections:

  1. Memories
  2. Crossroads of Thought
  3. Political Philosophy
  4. Democracy Reconsidered
  5. Economics

Synopsis

The most interesting sections are 4 & 5: Democracy Reconsidered & Economics. There are certainly good anecdotes in the earlier sections, as well as some novel (but less interesting) arguments put forth by contributors, but the meat of Hoppe’s work, political & economic philosophy, is captured in the latter sections.

For the most part, there isn’t anything particularly new to someone who’s familiar with Democracy: The God That Failed and his economic approach. But some of the essays do dig deep by referencing individual essays published throughout the years that many are likely to not have read, and therefore help contribute to expounding Hoppe’s system of thought more fully and to broader audiences.

The essays could serve as a broad introduction to Hoppe, but they also make for a nice little summary of his body of work as well. For those unfamiliar with Hoppe and seeking an introduction, we recommend sticking to the meat of the latter sections or picking up a copy of his seminal work, Democracy: The God That Failed.

Requires ssh and waypipe (for Wayland).

X.Org

If using the X.Org display server, enable “X-forwarding” with the -X flag. Once connected, execute the GUI application.

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ssh -X USER@HOST

To use with sudo, preface your command to launch the application with sudo XAUTHORITY=/home/USER/.Xauthority, e.g.:

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sudo XAUTHORITY=/home/USER/.Xauthority PROGRAMNAME

Wayland

If using Wayland, preface your SSH command with waypipe. Once connected, execute the GUI application:

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waypipe ssh USER@HOST

Alternatively, append the application path to the above command to launch directly, e.g.:

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waypipe ssh USER@HOST firefox

Requires rsync.

Note: Make sure backslashes are included after the source and destination directories.

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rsync -nahiv --progress --exclude="lost+found" SOURCE_DIRECTORY_TO_MIRROR/ DESTINATION_TO_COPY_TO/ | tee yyyy-mm-dd_rsync.log

-n for dry-run (only prints changes, doesn’t execute them; remove this flag after verifying command works as desired); -a archive mode (equals -rlptgoD); -h to display human-readable numbers; -i to itemize changes for all updates; -v for verbose mode; --exclude to ignore certain files or directories; --delete to delete all files in the destination directory that are not also currently in the source directory (use only if you want the destination directory to contain only the exact same files as the source directory); optionally, pipe the output to tee to log the output to a file in addition to writing to stdout.

The ChessGames PGN Project is a project to archive historical chess matches from the ChessGames website. The matches are sorted by decade on their Notable Games page.

The results of the ChessGames PGN Project are not made publicly available at this time. This project page only contains instructions to automate downloading the collection of PGN files from the site.

Python script

The script below uses Beautiful Soup to scrape the links to each match on their notable games pages (which are sorted by decade).

It then loads the page for each match, appends the PGN data to a file for that decade, and iterates to the next match.

It’s hacky but worked as of early 2021. The final result is a 2000.pgn file, 1990.pgn file, 1980.pgn file, etc.

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#!/usr/bin/python3
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import datetime, os.path, re, requests

## Super hacky script to d/l PGNs from ChessGames's
## Greatest of All Time pages. Saves each PGN into
## file based on decade

base_url  = "https://www.chessgames.com";
decades   = [
              "1000", # all time
              "1400", # prior to 1800
              "1800", # 1800-1899
              "1900", # 1900-1909
              "1910", # 1910-1919
              "1920", # 1920-1929
              "1930", # 1930-1939
              "1940", # 1940-1949
              "1950", # 1950-1959
              "1960", # 1960-1969
              "1970", # 1970-1979
              "1980", # 1980-1989
              "1990", # 1990-1999
              "2000", # 2000-2009
              "2010"  # 2010-2019
            ]

def scrape_page(soup, decade):
  print("Scraping " + decade);
  for gid in soup.find_all("a", href=re.compile(r"gid")):
    gid_url = base_url + gid["href"]
    scrape_pgn(gid_url, decade);

def scrape_pgn(gid_url, decade):
  print("Scraping PGN");
  req2 = requests.get(gid_url);
  soup2 = BeautifulSoup(req2.content, "lxml")
  for pgn in soup2.find_all("div", id=re.compile(r"olga-data")):
    result = pgn["pgn"]
  with open(decade + ".pgn", "a") as file:
    print("Writing to file");
    file.write(result + "\n\n")

for decade in decades:
  print("Making Soup with " + decade);
  req = requests.get(base_url + "/perl/goat.pl?decade=" + decade);
  soup = BeautifulSoup(req.content, "lxml")
  scrape_page(soup, decade);

The Mises Book PDF Project (MBPP) is a project to archive PDF books from the Mises Institute which are freely available to the public.

The results of the Mises Book PDF Project are not made publicly available, as the content is not ours to distribute. This project page only contains instructions to automate a user-generated PDF archive of the articles on the site.

Python script

The script below uses Beautiful Soup to scrape metadata and download URLs from the Mises Institute page containing PDF books.

It goes through each of the entries on a page, scraping the author, title, date, and PDF download link; reformats the metadata into a YYYY-MM-DD_AuthorName_BookTitle.pdf naming convention; and then downloads the PDF to file. After iterating through all entries on the page, it continues to the next page (pagination).

Before using, visit the URL in the script and verify that the number of pages (set via range(1, 55) below) still applies. As the Mises Institute continues to add new books, you may have to increase the range to capture all of the pages available.

The script also checks to see if the file has already been downloaded; so in case the script fails or errors out, you can restart it without it attempting to redownload files.

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#!/usr/bin/python3
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import datetime
import os.path
import re
import requests

url     = "https://mises.org/library/books?book_type=539"

def sanitize(text):
        text = re.sub(r"[^a-zA-Z0-9]+", "", text.title())
        return text

def scrape_page(soup):
        #print("Scraping page...")
        for entry in soup.find_all("div", {"class": re.compile("^result-*")}):
                scrape_entry(entry)

def scrape_entry(entry):
        #print("Scraping entry...")
        title = [t.get_text() for t in entry.find_all("h2", {"class": "teaser-title"})]
        author = [u.get_text() for u in entry.find_all("span", {"class": "author"})]
        date = [d.get_text() for d in entry.find_all("span", {"class": "date"})]
        pdf = [a["href"] for a in entry.find_all("a", {"type": re.compile("^application/pdf*")})]

        title = sanitize(title[0])
        author = sanitize(author[0])
        date = datetime.datetime.strptime(date[0], "%m/%d/%Y").strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
        pdf = pdf[0]

        download_entry(title, author, date, pdf)

def download_entry(title, author, date, pdf):
        filename =  date + "_" + author + "_" + title + ".pdf"
        if os.path.isfile(filename):
                print("Already downloaded " + filename)
        else:
                print("Downloading " + filename)
                dl = requests.get(pdf)
                with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
                        f.write(dl.content)

for p in range(1, 55):
        req = requests.get(url + "&page=" + str(p))
        soup = BeautifulSoup(req.content, "lxml")
        print("Scraping page " + str(p))
        scrape_page(soup)

The Scott Horton Show Project (SHSP) is a project to archive audio interviews from the Scott Horton Show.

The results of the Scott Horton Show Project are not made publicly available, as the content is not ours to distribute. This project page only contains instructions to automate a user-generated mp3 archive of the interviews posted to the Scott Horton Show website.

As of October 2021, the script generated 11,209 items – half of which were mp3 episodes and half of which were metadata, with one episode page containing no download link. In total, approximately 91.3GB.

Python script

The script below uses Beautiful Soup to scrape URLs and save metadata from the Scott Horton Show website.

Fortunately, the /archives page of the site lists all the episodes, and each episode webpage has a consistent format and download link location.

After scraping a list of all the show webpages, this script loads each page, saves the metadata to a JSON file for the episode, and then downloads the mp3 with a standardized filename structure.

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#!/usr/bin/python3
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import datetime
import json
import logging
import os.path
import re
import requests

log_datetime = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S")
logging.basicConfig(
  encoding='utf-8',
  level=logging.INFO,
  handlers=[
    logging.FileHandler('0_LOG_' + log_datetime + '.log'),
    logging.StreamHandler()
  ]
)

archive_url =	"https://scotthorton.org/archives/"
filename_prefix = "SHS_"

# Capitalize each word, remove dashes, limit to 90 characters, etc.
def sanitize(text):
  text = text.split(" ", 1)[1]              # strip the date off front of title
  text = text.replace("-", " ").title()     # capitalize words
  text = text.replace(" ", "")              # remove spaces
  text = re.sub('[^0-9a-zA-Z]+', '', text)  # remove non-alphanumeric chars
  return text[0:90]                         # trim to 90 characters

# Download episode
def download(filename, mp3):
  if not os.path.isfile(filename_prefix + filename + ".mp3") and mp3 != "":
    logging.info("Downloading episode: " + filename_prefix + filename + ".mp3")
    dl = requests.get(mp3)
    with open(filename_prefix + filename + ".mp3", "wb") as f:
      f.write(dl.content)
  else:
    logging.info("File already exists or no download link was present :(")

# Write to JSON file
def write_json(href, title, filename, date, mp3, author, date, desc):
  # Prepare data for JSON
  data = {}
  data['title'] = title
  data['date'] = date
  data['date'] = date
  data['author'] = author
  data['page_url'] = href
  data['description'] = desc
  data['download_url'] = mp3
  json_data = json.dumps(data)

  # Write JSON
  if not os.path.isfile(filename_prefix + filename + ".json"):
    with open(filename_prefix + filename + ".json", "w") as f:
      logging.info("Writing to " + filename_prefix + filename + ".json")
    f.write(json_data)
  else:
    logging.info("File already exists.")


# Scrape page
def scrape_page(href, title):
  logging.info("Scrapping " + title)
  req = requests.get(href)
  soup = BeautifulSoup(req.content, "lxml")

  # Episode page url
  href = href
  # Episode title
  title = title
  # Episode published date
  date = soup.find("span", {"class": "published"})
  date = date.text
  # Episode record date
  try:
    date = title.split(" ", 1)[0]
    date = datetime.datetime.strptime(date,"%m/%d/%y")
    date = date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
  except ValueError:
    logging.debug("DEBUG: No date in post title?")
    date = date
  # Episode filename
  filename = date + "_" + sanitize(title)
  # Episode download URL
  try:
    mp3 = soup.find("a", {"title": "Download", "class": "powerpress_link_d" })
    mp3 = mp3["href"]
  except TypeError:
    logging.error("ERROR: No download link??")
    print("Error - no download link(?) for " + title)
    mp3 = ""

  # Episode author
  author = soup.find("span", {"class": "author vcard"})
  author = author.find("a", {"rel": "author"})
  author = author.text
  # Episode description
  desc = soup.find("div", {"class": "et_pb_module et_pb_post_content et_pb_post_content_0_tb_body"})
  desc = desc.text 

  write_json(href, title, filename, date, mp3, author, date, desc)
  download(filename, mp3)


# Main loop
def main(list):
  for li in list:
    title	= li.text
    href	= li["href"]
    scrape_page(href, title)

# Fetch episode URLs from Archive page.
logging.info("Fetching Scott Horton Show Archive page")
req = requests.get(archive_url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(req.content, "lxml")
list = soup.find("ul", {"id": "lcp_instance_0" }).find_all("a")

# Execute
logging.info("Iterating through scraped episode pages")
main(list)

The Timeline Earth Show Project (TESP) is a project to archive podcasts from Timeline Earth née Friends Against Government.

The results of the Timeline Earth Show Project are not made publicly available, as the content is not ours to distribute. This project page only contains instructions to automate a user-generated archive of the show.

No script

Historically, the project relied on podcast-dl, so no real script in use.

The only sneaky bit was that the full show wasn’t available from any one feed, but it can be assembled using the official RSS feed in tandem with older RSS feeds that were archived by the Wayback Machine.

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2021-01-15 (#TS2) -- 2022-02-09 (#TLE62)
https://web.archive.org/web/20220211001125if_/https://feed.podbean.com/timelineearth/feed.xml

2020-07-21 (#152) -- 2021-08-04 (#TLE36)
https://web.archive.org/web/20210804233548if_/https://feed.podbean.com/timelineearth/feed.xml

2019-08-28 (#088) -- 2020-12-31 (#TLE004)
https://web.archive.org/web/20210106153532if_/https://feed.podbean.com/timelineearth/feed.xml

2018-12-12 (#046) -- 2020-05-27 (#145)
https://web.archive.org/web/20200528222308if_/https://feed.podbean.com/friendsagainstgovernment/feed.xml

2018-03-07 (#001) -- 2019-07-31 (#083)
https://web.archive.org/web/20190804183336if_/https://feed.podbean.com/friendsagainstgovernment/feed.xml

Those feed URLs were then passed to podcast-dl.

The Tucker Carlson Monologue Project (TCMP) is a project to archive monologue transcripts from Tucker Carlson Tonight.

The results of the Tucker Carlson Monologue Project are not made publicly available, as the content is not ours to distribute. This project page only contains instructions to automate a user-generated TXT archive of the monologues posted to the Fox News website.

Python script

The script below uses Beautiful Soup to scrape URLs and their text from JSON files available on Fox News website.

The API allows a max of 30 entries to appear in JSON results, so the script loads metadata for the first 30 articles, and for each entry with a URL containing “/opinion/”, fetches the page and saves the content to a text file named YYYY-MM-DD_TuckerCarlson_Opinion_ArticleDescription.txt. After parsing through those 30 articles, it loads the metadata for the next 30 articles and repeats.

The API URL has a ‘size’ variable (max 30) and ‘from’ variable to offset to older articles. The script can probably be adapted to archive full episode transcripts by changing the search for “/opinion/” to “/transcript/” and updating the filename parameter to say “Transcript” instead of “Opinion”. The script also checks to see if the file has already been downloaded; in case the script fails or errors out, you can restart it without it attempting to redownload files.

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#!/usr/bin/python3
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
#import datetime
import json
import os.path
import re
import requests

# Pulls JSON, finds transcript entries, stores relevant metadata, pulls the article,
# saves the article text into text file (date_author_title.txt); once through the
# results, fetches again using the from/offset to get next round of JSON entries
#
# Main > Download JSON > Parse JSON > For each entry, if URL contains /opinion/ > 
# Load page, save text to file > Increment "from" offset and start anew at Main
#
# Example URL: 
# "https://www.foxnews.com/api/article-search?searchBy=tags&values           ...
# =fox-news%2Fshows%2Ftucker-carlson-tonight%2Ftranscript&excludeBy=tags     ...
# &excludeValues=&size=30&from=0"

base_url	=	"https://www.foxnews.com"

api_path = "/api/article-search?searchBy=tags&values=fox-news%2Fshows%2Ftucker-"\
           "carlson-tonight%2Ftranscript&excludeBy=tags&excludeValues=&size="

size = 30		# Max size the API outputs
offset = 0	# To increment by the size variable

# Def: Capitalize each word, remove dashes, limit to 60 characters, etc.
def sanitize(text):
	text = text.replace("/media/", "")
	text = text.replace("/opinion/", "")
	text = text.replace("tucker-carlson-", "")
	text = text.replace("-", " ").title()
	text = text.replace(" ", "")
	text = text.replace("TuckerCarlson", "")
	return text[0:60]

# Def: Download JSON.
def download_json(url, offset):
	print("Download JSON for items " + str(offset) + " - " + str(offset + size))
	req		= requests.get(url)
	soup 	= BeautifulSoup(req.content, "lxml")
	parse_json(soup)

# Def: Parse JSON for "Opinion" articles.
# Loops through each item & prepare to scrape if it's transcript.
def parse_json(soup):
	dict = json.loads(soup.text)
	for i in range(size):
		try:
			if "/opinion/" in dict[i]["url"]:
				date = dict[i]["publicationDate"][0:10]
				slug = sanitize(dict[i]["url"])
				filename = date + "_" + "TuckerCarlson_Monologue_" + slug + ".txt"
				link = base_url + dict[i]["url"]
				if os.path.isfile(filename):
					print("> Already downloaded " + filename)
				else:
					scrape_link(link, date, filename)
		except:
			print("End of API data or error parsing.")
			quit()

# Def: Scrape content
def scrape_link(link, date, filename):
	xreq = requests.get(link)
	xsoup = BeautifulSoup(xreq.content, "lxml")
	text = xsoup.find("h1", {"class": "headline"}).get_text()
	try:
		text += "\n" + xsoup.find("h2", {"class": "sub-headline"}).get_text()
	except:
		text += "\n..."
	text += "\n" + "Tucker Carlson"
	text += "\n" + date + "\n"
	for p in xsoup.find("div", {"class": "article-body"}).find_all("p"):
		text += "\n" + p.get_text() + "\n"
	save_to_file(text, filename)

# Def: Write to .txt file
def save_to_file(text, filename):
	print("> Downloading " + filename)
	with open(filename, 'w') as f:
		f.write(text)

# Def: Main loop
def main(size, offset):
	url	=	base_url + api_path + str(size) + "&from=" + str(offset)
	download_json(url, offset)
	offset = offset + size # increment
	main(size, offset) # loop (until no more results found in parse_json)

# Initiate script
main(size, offset)

Requires sed.

The following example demonstrates iterative steps to transform a space-delimited string to a list element. This use case was for the “tags” value in YAML frontmatter.

The transformations from beginning to end look like the following:

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tags: hoppe politics libertarianism monarchy
tags:, hoppe, politics, libertarianism, monarchy
tags:, hoppe, politics, libertarianism, monarchy]
tags: [hoppe, politics, libertarianism, monarchy]

First step is to add a comma in front of all spaces on lines starting with tags:. The following matches tags: at the beginning of the line, then substitutes space ( ) for comma+space (, ).

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sed '/^tags:/s/ /, /g'

The next step is to append ] on all lines starting with tags:. The following matches the tags: at the beginning of the line, then substitutes the end of line ($) for a closing square bracket (]).

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sed '/^tags:/s/$/]/'

The final step replaces tags:, with tags: [.

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sed 's/tags:, /tags: [/g'

Note: In the examples above, the text transformation isn’t written to file. Add the -i flag, after confirming the transformations work as intended, to update the file in place.

To perform this recursively across multiple files, prepend find ./ -type f | xargs before the sed commands. This will execute the sed command on all files in the current directory.

Requires shnsplit (AUR: shntool) and cuetools.

To split a single .flac audio file (album) into individual files (tracks) based on a single cuesheet (.cue) file in the same directory, and tag the individual files using the information from the *.cue file:

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shnsplit -f *.cue -t %n_%t -o flac *.flac; if [ -f "00_pregap.flac" ]; then trash 00_pregap.flac; fi; cuetag.sh *.cue [0-9]*.flac

The above example splits on the cusheet, deletes the empty 00_pregap file that is sometimes created, then tags the tracks using the cuesheet.

  • -f to specify the cuesheet
  • -t %n_%t to specify naming convention (%n for track number, %t for track title)
  • -o for output file format

To execute this recursively into subdirectories, wrap it in a for loop:

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for d in */ ; do cd "$d"; pwd; shnsplit -f *.cue -t %n_%t -o flac *.flac; if [ -f "00_pregap.flac" ]; then trash 00_pregap.flac; fi; cuetag.sh *.cue [0-9]*.flac; cd ..; done

Requires systemd and sway window manager.

  • The user-timer runs the user-service every 2 seconds
  • The user-service runs the Python script
  • The Python script:
    • evaluates current VPN status (on or off)
    • logs it to a file
    • assigns sway’s wallpaper based on that status

/etc/systemd/user/sway-bg.timer:

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# (Runs sway-bg.service every 2s)

[Unit]
Description=Run sway-bg.py every 2 seconds

[Timer]
AccuracySec=1s
OnBootSec=2s
OnUnitInactiveSec=2s

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target

/etc/systemd/user/sway-bg.service:

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# (Runs the python script)

[Unit]
Description=Run sway-bg.py

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python /home/scripts/sway-bg.py

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

/home/scripts/sway-bg.py:

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
#
# Change sway wallpaper based on (Mullvad) VPN status.
#
# - Check that VPN interface is available (wg0-mullvad);
# - Read VPN status file at ~/.sway-bg (or create if doesn't exist) 
# - If current VPN status differs from file, overwrite with new status
# - Assign desktop wallpaper in sway based on VPN status file

import os


# Globals - update variables VPN_[ON/OFF]_BG_PATH to desired wallpaper files
VPN_IFACE = 'wg0-mullvad'
VPN_STATUS_FILE = os.path.expanduser('~/.swaybg')
VPN_ON_BG_PATH = os.path.expanduser('~/imgs/vpn_on.jpg')
VPN_OFF_BG_PATH = os.path.expanduser('~/imgs/vpn_off.png')


# Determine if VPN is on or off
if VPN_IFACE in os.listdir('/sys/class/net/'):
    current_status = 'VPN_ON'
else:
    current_status = 'VPN_OFF'

# Create status file if it doesn't exist, otherwise read to see previous status
if not os.path.exists(VPN_STATUS_FILE):
    os.mknod(VPN_STATUS_FILE)
with open(VPN_STATUS_FILE, 'r') as f:
    prev_status = f.read()

# If current status differs from file, overwrite and change sway's wallpaper
if prev_status != current_status:
    with open(VPN_STATUS_FILE, 'w') as f:
        if prev_status == 'VPN_ON':
            f.write('VPN_OFF')
            os.system(f'swaymsg output "*" bg {VPN_OFF_BG_PATH} fill')
        else:
            f.write('VPN_ON')
            os.system(f'swaymsg output "*" bg {VPN_ON_BG_PATH} fill')

T.A.Z.: The Temporary Autonomus Zone is a 1991 book by anarchist pedophile Peter Lamborn Wilson, aka Hakim Bey. It is a peodphile-manifesto disgused as cultural commentary.

Analysis

By any sensible reading of TAZ, it’s quite evidential that “Hakim Bey” (Peter Lamborn Wilson) is a sick, unhealthy man. This book is his cry for help. It puts forth no real arguments. There’s no logic; nothing that approaches rational thought. It’s more like a finger-painting – with diarrhea – that knowingly confuses pederasty for poetry and rape for art.

Its name is intentionally misleading. The “TAZ” stuff is less than a third of the book. The front two-thirds – what Bey fancifully calls “Broadsheets” and “Communiques” for Chaos and Anarchy – is really just a collection of deviant confessions written in fartsy prose. The book might as well be titled, “The Poetics of Pederasty: Odd Essays on the Art of Molestation.”

Upon first glance, TAZ is little more than an assortment of rhetorical musings on the allure of anarchy mixed with some counter-cultural ramblings – and this is its general reputation. But if one reads the book, they’ll learn Bey actually conceives of “Temporary Autonomous Zones” as some sort of secret safe-havens for pedophiles – a far cry from the typical vision of some old-timey music festival with good vibes and mushrooms.

Bey and his Association for Ontological Anarchy (AOA) are unashamedly Pedophile Apologists, claiming that “liberation” can only be found in breaking socio-sexual mores – and the more forbidden, the better. They actually believe that one can’t truly be free without being willing to molest children. Let’s be clear: Hakim “Pedo” Lamborn Wilson Bey has been contributing to NAMBLA for 20 years. It shows. The book never stops bringing up little boys and masturbation. In the essay entitled “Pornography,” Bey describes a pedo-porn film he wants to see made that’s basically a gay-rewrite of Lord of the Flies, but admits that it would be too expensive to produce and that “the kids it was meant to seduce” would never see it (p. 20). In “Against the Reproduction of Death,” Bey admits straight-up: “I sometimes express myself as an anarchist boy-lover” (p. 76). And on the very next page, he all but admits to having molested children: “I’ve used dangerous stupifiants like religion, marijuana, chaos, the love of boys. On a few occasions I have attained some degree of success” (p. 77).

If you really want to read TAZ, know that it’s available for free online. Don’t buy this book. I was given my copy, and like any decent person, I now plan to burn it. Because if demons exist, they’re in this book. I’ve read my fair share of black magic: Book IV, Dogma and Ritual, Thee Psychick Bible… and this is by far the Blackest. It belongs in flames with Bey himself.

Sadly, Bey manages to drag many minds into his filth. I hope that the authors quoted on the back never actually read the whole thing or ever knew of Bey’s preying deviance. By association alone, he manages to denigrate Burroughs, Chomsky, Eris, Feyerabend, Foucault, Ginsberg, Hashshashin, HCE (Finnegans Wake), J.R. “Bob” Dobbs, John Dee, Kerouac, Korzybski, Leary, Lovecraft, Nietzsche, PKD, Poe, Pynchon, Rainbow Family, RAW, Reich, and Thoreau. Of course, not all of these men or movements need any help denigrating themselves, but it was a shame to see them mentioned in the book at all.

Hopefully by the time you read this, Bey’s been institutionalized. Because if any book has ever been a plea for psychiatric care, it’s TAZ. Abuse is a cycle, and if Bey was molested himself growing up, he deserves our most sincere care and prayers. More importantly, he deserves a chance for redemption – an opportunity to heal his wounds, feel real love, and find justice. Because the person who wrote this book is broken.

If Bey’s truly serious about the content of TAZ – and would himself refuse any honest medical treatment offered to him – chemical castration is the least he deserves. The Gaddafi treatment is more in line with his particular crimes against humanity, but I’d prefer to recommend him “Derby’s dose” – if I wasn’t so sure he’d enjoy it.

Update: Since writing this review, he died – and nothing of value was lost.

The Anarchist Handbook is a 2021 collection of historical anarchist tracts, organized by Michael Malice.

Synopsis

Chapter 1, Michael Malice

The opening chapter is an introduction by Malice which very briefly describes the anarchist impulse (“You do not speak for me”) and its historical origins as originally a left-wing movement.

The original version of anarchism, in the left-wing European tradition, is opposed to domination by one person over another and advocates for a society based on mutual aid and complete equality. The more recent version, the right-capitalists, define themselves by opposition to the state. THe right-anarchists think the left-anarchists are naive, and lack a fundamental understanding of economics. The left-anarchists think the right-anarchists aren’t anarchists at all, but mere apologists for corporate control and predation.

Chapter 2, William Godwin, from Enquiry Concerning Political Justice and its Influence on Morals and Happiness, 1793

Godwin addresses the social contract, or that governments have moral legitimacy over their citizens due to an unwritten, unsigned agreement. He asks the readers some basic questions to demonstrate its absurdity, e.g.

  • Can one generation irreparably lock subsequent generations into the contract?
  • Must the contract be renewed by each successive generation?
  • If one agrees to any of the contract’s provisions, must they accept all of them?
  • Mustn’t a government, founded in consent of the people, necessarily lose power over any individual that refuses to consent?

Upon this hypothesis every government that is quietly submitted to is a lawful government, whether it be the usurpation of Cromwell, or the tyranny of Caligula.

Chapter 3, Max Stirner, from The Ego and His Own, 1844

Stirner uses the word right a lot, and its definition isn’t always clear. The gist seems to be that one’s might gives them right; men have no natural rights; more power doesn’t necessitate more right; and that man basically has to earn whatever rights they have.

The State practices “violence,” the individual must not do so. The State’s behavior is violence, and it calls its violence “law”; that of the individual, “crime.”

Chapter 4, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, from The Confessions of a Revolutionist, 1850

Proudhon seems pretty complicated in his role within the tradition. He’s a socialist and the founder of “mutalism,” but unlike many socialists today, he eschews state power and argues for a bottom-up revolution, not state-imposed “equality.” In my limited understanding, Proudhon is a decentralized socialist who sought not to seize the state apparatus, but rather abolish it entirely, whereas the followers of Marx spoke against the state but still attempted to implement their ideology through its machinations.

For [governments] to create liberty would be to destroy themselves… Look at the countries that are the freest, are they not those where the power of the government is the most restricted – where the people generally take the initiative; the United States of America for instance?

Chapter 5, Herbert Spencer, from Social Statics, 1851

Spencer argues that if every man is indeed free to do what they will, insofar as it doesn’t impede on others’ freedom, then they have the right to ignore the state, as doing so clearly doesn’t impact others’ freedom. Insofar as the people are considered the only legitimate source of power – that state rule is conferred, not absolute – then any man must clearly have the right to abscond from state authority.

He argues that unless one accepts this position, they’re implicitly accepting the idea that all action and inaction is somehow consent in itself. For otherwise, how could a man be considered to have given their consent to be governed if, say, they voted for a representative but disagree with some issues, or voted for the losing candidate and not their acting representative, or in fact didn’t vote in the election at all?

By no process can coercion be made equitable.

Chapter 6, Josiah Warren, from True Civilization, 1863

Warren is admirable for actually attempting to create real-world communes and storefronts around his ideas. Sure, they all failed, but at least he tried.

1
Synopsis incomplete.

The Brothers Karamazov is an 1880 philosophical novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky. It tells the story of four brothers and the murder of their father.

Characters

Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov is a selfish codger with four sons by three mothers.

The eldest son, Dmitri (Mitya), is a “bad Catholic” — or what some simply call “Catholic.” Specific theologies aside, Dmitri is a sinner seeking salvation. He does bad, but seeks good. He succumbs to his basest, primal impulses, yet occasionally manages to deny them in pursuit of spiritual redemption. He is a man, flaws and all. Dmitri’s central conflicts with his father involve a love triangle with a younger woman and an inheritance from his mother which he hasn’t access to.

The middle son, Ivan (Vanya), is the intellectual. He is analytical, calculated, and deeply concerned with human suffering. He could be a brilliant theologian if only he could reconcile the existence of human suffering with a belief in God, but alas, he cannot. Ivan would rather be wrong but win a debate than be right and lose a debate. He’s a showman who loves exposing contradictions but, because he cannot logically solve life’s great questions, doesn’t live a particularly joyful life. His words inadvertently lead to Fyodor’s murder and Dmitri’s unjust condemnation.

The youngest son, Alexei (Alyosha), is the faithful one. He studies beneath Father Zosima, who encourages him to gain experience in the real world before cloistering himself in a monastery. He is loving, forgiving, and naive. Alexei loves his brothers, as he loves all, and occasionally helps them moderate their sinful pursuits. He tutors young children in moral character and faith, and ultimately redeems the Karamazov name so tainted by his father.

The rejected son, Smerdyakov (Pavel), is an epileptic bastard. He serves as Fyodor’s house servant. He is the son of “Reeking Lizaveta”, a mute who died in childbirth after (allegedly) getting knocked up by Fyodor. Smerdyakov tortured animals growing up. He love-hates his father and loves his brother Ivan. His actions advertently lead to Fyodor’s murder and inadvertently to Ivan’s mental breakdown.

Synopsis

The novel starts with an introduction to the family. (Book I)

They visit Father Zosima to help mediate the dispute over the inheritance from Dmitri’s mother, but to no avail. There is a deeper conflict beneath it all — Fyodor and Dmitri are in love with the same woman. (Books II & III)

Alyosha tries to help a schoolboy who’s being bullied, but ends up apologizing to the boy’s father for Dmitri’s past behavior. (Book IV)

Ivan jests with Alyosha over his faith, and launches into a long poem titled The Grand Inquisitor. In the poem, Jesus returns during the Spanish inquisition, is imprisoned, and is chastised for his decision to grant free will to man, as that responsibility was too great a burden and led to human suffering. In response, Jesus kisses his prison guard and is released. Upon hearing the poem, Alyosha kisses his brother Ivan. (Book V)

Father Zosima recounts his life story, and explains his belief that everyone shares responsibility for their neighbors’ sins. (Book VI)

Father Zosima dies and his body decomposes, disappointing many who believe that the bodies of holy men don’t decompose in death. Alyosha mourns his mentor and ventures back into the world, per Father Zosima’s earlier instructions. (Book VII)

Dmitri stalks outside of his father Fyodor’s house, suspecting that the woman whom they both love went to visit his father. He carries a brass pestle. Time flashes forward and Dmitri flees the property, knocking a servant out along the way. Dmitri gets drunk while covered in blood and carrying a wad of money, and is subsequently arrested for the murder of Fyodor. (Book VIII)

Dmitri is interrogated. He admits to striking the servant, but denies murdering his father and refuses to explain how he came into money. This is complicated by the fact that money went missing from Fyodor’s house upon the murder. The only other possible suspect is Smerdyakov, but he was in an epileptic fit when the murder occurred. For lack of better explanation and Dmitri’s refusal to disclose how he acquired the money, he is formally charged and imprisoned. (Book IX)

A friend of the schoolboy met earlier in Book IV is growing up to be a smart-ass atheist, like Ivan. Alyosha challenges the boy’s nihilism. (Book X)

Ivan meets three times with Smerdyakov and eventually learns the Smerdyakov is the murderer. Smerdyakov admits to faking an epileptic fit and murdering their father. He offers Ivan the stolen money and explains that he never would’ve murdered the old man were it not for Ivan, for it was through Ivan whom Smerdyakov learned that all is permissible and that religious morality is herd mentality. Ivan is horrified by the impact of his words and suffers a mental breakdown. The devil visits him in hallucinations and mocks his beliefs. Smerdyakov commits suicide without confessing to anyone else, and intentionally omits his responsibility for the murder from his suicide note. (Book XI)

A mockery of trial finds Dmitri guilty. Ivan remains tormented by guilt, and has yet to recover from his mental breakdown. (Book XII)

Dmitri accepts his fate. There’s talk of an escape plan and he reconciles with one of his former lovers who falsely accused him during the trial. But no escape is to be witnessed. Instead, Alyosha leads a funeral service for a young schoolboy recently departed. He implores the children to love deep and wide, to forgive all, and to cherish every moment and memory they have. The boys are enraptured by his speech, and end the novel cheering “Hurrah for Karamazov.” In Alyosha, the Karamazov family name has been redeemed. (Epilogue)

The Carlyle Anthology is an 1876 collection of Thomas Carlyle excerpts compiled by Edward Barrett.

It’s a very accessible introduction to Carlyle’s thought, as it covers his biographical profiles, his great man theory of history, his ideas on the power and virtue of the written word, and some of his political arguments against populism and universal suffrage.

Carlyle’s writing style can be a difficult for modern readers due to his prose and punctuation style, so these shorter excerpts may be easier to digest than his full works. The anthology is broken into six sections: (1) Life, and the Conduct of Life; (2) Portraits and Characters; (3) Literature, and the Literary Life; (4) Religion; (5) Politics; and (6) Historical and Miscellaneous.

The Case Against the Fed is a 1994 book by Murray Rothbard. It details the history of the Federal Reserve (Fed) and the (un)intended impact of its monetary policy.

Synopsis

In this tract, Rothbard offers introductory readers a savaging of the Federal Reserve and its monetary policy. From its propaganda, sanctioned by the corporate press, to its “legalized” counterfeiting, with all its inflationary and redistributive glory, Rothbard describes the history of the Federal Reserve, its stated functions, and ultimately how its policies promote malinvestment in the economy and distort price signals in the open market.

Excerpts

Introduction: Money and Politics

The Federal Reserve System is accountable to no one; it has no budget; it is subject to no audit; and no Congressional committee knows of, or can truly supervise, its operations.

Let us consider any other private industry. Wouldn’t it be a tad suspicious if, say… the drug companies were clamoring for total and secret power to the Food and Drug Administration? So shouldn’t we be very suspicious of the oddly cozy relationship between the banks and the Federal Reserve?

The Fed’s lack of accountability, Greenspan added, is a small price to pay to avoid “putting the conduct of monetary policy under the close influence of politicians subject to short-term election cycle pressure” (New York Times, October 14, 1993).

So there we have it. The public, in the mythology of the Fed and its supporters, is a great beast, continually subject to a lust for inflating the money supply and therefore for subjecting the economy to inflation and its dire consequences. Those dreaded all-too-frequent inconveniences called “elections” subject politicians to these temptations, especially in political institutions such as the House of Representatives who come before the public every two years and are therefore particularly responsive to the public will. The Federal Reserve, on the other hand, guided by monetary experts independent of the public’s lust for inflation, stands ready at all times to promote the long-run public interest by manning the battlements in an eternal fight against the Gorgon of inflation. The public, in short, is in desperate need of absolute control of money by the Federal Reserve to save it from itself and its short-term lusts and temptations.

The Genesis of Money

“Indirect exchange,” [is] where he purchases butter, not for its own sake, but for use as a “medium,” or middle-term, in the exchange… A commodity that is in general use as a medium is defined as money.

Once a good comes into use as a money… the price system becomes enormously simplified. A “price” is simply the terms of exchange, the ratio of the quantities of the two goods being traded… Once a money is established in an economy, however, business calculation becomes easy.

Throughout all these eras and societies, however, two commodities, if the society had access to them, were easily able to out compete the rest… These were gold and silver… Gold and silver were [1] highly valuable in themselves, for their beauty; their [2] supply was limited…; they were in wide demand, and were [3] easily portable; they were [4] highly divisible…; they could be easily made [5] homogeneous…; and they were highly [6] durable.

What Is the Optimum Quantity of Money?

If a good were not scarce, it would be superabundant, and therefore be price, like air, at zero on the market.

Money, after all, can neither be eaten nor used up in production. The money-commodity, functioning as money, can only be used in exchange… An increase in the supply of money cannot relieve the natural scarcity of consumer or capital goods; all it does is to make the dollar or the franc cheaper, that is, lower its purchasing power in terms of all other goods and services… All that an increase in the quantity of dollars can do is to dilute the effectiveness, the purchasing-power, of each dollar.

Any quantity of money in society is “optimal.” Once a money is established, an increase in its supply confers no social benefit.

Monetary Inflation and Counterfeiting

Counterfeiting is always a process in which the counterfeiter gets the new money first… As prices of goods begin to rise in response to the higher quantity of money, those who haven’t yet received the new money find the prices of the goods they buy have gone up, while their own selling prices or incomes have not risen.

Monetary inflation, then, acts as a hidden “tax” by which the early receivers expropriate (i.e., gain at the expense of) the late receivers… [And] it is all too easy to blame the rising prices, or “price inflation”… on greedy capitalists, speculators, wild-spending consumers, or whatever social group is the easiest to denigrate.

An increase in the money supply also changes the distribution of income and wealth. The ripple effect also alters the structure of relatives prices, and therefore of the kinds and quantities of goods that will be produced, since the counterfeiters and other early receivers will have different preferences and spending patterns from the late receivers who are “taxed” by the earlier receivers.

Counterfeiting, therefore, is inflationary, redistributive, distorts the economic system, and amounts to stealthy and insidious robbery and expropriation of all legitimate property-owners in society.

The Conquest of the United States by Spain is an 1899 speech given by William Graham Sumner to the Phi Beta Kappa society at Yale. It was later published in the Yale Law Journal, Vol. 8, No. 4.

The speech qua essay critizes America’s imperialist foreign policy and the degradation of self-governance by its people.

Excerpts

Spain was the first, for a long time the greatest, of the modern imperialistic states. The United States, by its historical origin, its traditions, and its principles, is the chief representative of the revolt and reaction against that kind of a state.

Expansionism and imperialism… appeal to national vanity and national cupidity. They are seductive…

If it is not an established rule of statecraft that a statesman should never impose any sacrifices on his people for anything but their own interests, then it is useless to study political philosophy any more, for this is the alphabet of it.

We boast that we are a self-governing people, and in this respect, particularly, we compare ourselves with pride with older nations. What is the difference after all? The Russians, whom we always think of as standing at the opposite pole of political institutions, have self-government, if you mean by it acquiescence in what a little group of people at the head of the government agree to do.

At present the whole periodical press of the country seems to be occupied in tickling the national vanity to the utmost by representations about the war which are extravagant and fantastic… Patriotism is being prostituted into a nervous intoxication which is fatal to an apprehension of truth.

There are some now who think that it is the perfection of statesmanship to say that expansion is a fact and that it is useless to discuss it. We are told that we must not cross any bridges until we come to them; that is, that we must discuss nothing in advance, and that we must not discuss anything which is past because it is irretrievable. No doubt this would be a very acceptable doctrine to the powers that be, for it would mean that they were relieved from responsibility, but it would be a marvelous doctrine to be accepted by a self-governing people.

There is no doubt that moral courage is the virtue which is more needed than any other in the modern democratic state, and that truckling to popularity is the worst political vice. The press, the platform, and the pulpit have all fallen under this vice, and there is evidence that the university also, which ought to be the last citadel of truth, is succumbing to it likewise.

To read our current literature one would think that we were already well on the way to it. Now, the great reason why all these enterprises which begin by saying to somebody else, We know what is good for you better than you know yourself and we are going to make you do it, are false and wrong is that they violate liberty; or, to turn the same statement into other words, the reason why liberty, of which we Americans talk so much, is a good thing is that it means leaving people to live out their own lives in their own way, while we do the same.

The Department of Truth is a comic book series by James Tynion IV. The series revolves around a clandestine government agency called the Department of Truth and a mysterious group known as Black Hat, as the two battle for narrative-supremacy of the history of the world. The stakes are high, for in this universe, popular opinion actually creates reality – if enough people believe something, with enough conviction, reality will conform to their beliefs. From the flat world theory to a cabal of satanic pedophile elites controlling the government, anything imaginable has the potential to become reality in the past and present.

It’s clearly written by a party Democrat, being littered with clumsy establishmentarianism and unnecessary progressive tropes. But, it’s about conspiracies… Which are fun… So suck it up and enjoy the ride.

Written as of N001-N022.

The Fountainhead is a 1943 novel by Ayn Rand.

Synopsis

The protagonist is Howard Roark, a young architect beholden to no industry standards. A secondary protagonist, Dominique Francon, is a love interest who wavers between supporting Howard or his former classmate Peter Keating, an architectural rival.

Howard works at some reputable architectural firm but is continually fired for being too creative or refusing to build in dated styles. Newspaperman and socialist Ellsworth M. Toohey smears Howard in his paper for bucking the traditional order and playing by his own rules.

Howard is sued for malpractice after an eccentric codger is dissatisfied with Howard’s design work. The trial is a mockery of justice, with characters testifying against him for basically being an individualist who refuses to follow the stuffy rules of the architectural establishment.

His love interest Dominique marries his rival Keating, even though she knows that Howard possesses greatness, in consolation and resignation of the sad fact that the world does not exalt and encourage genius as it should. Keating basically sells her to potential client Gail Wynand in order to secure a commission; Dominique ends up marrying him, and Gail actually likes Howard’s work.

Keating reaches out to Howard for help designing a project on Howard’s terms – that he remains anonymous and the plans are constructed exactly as designed. The promise is broken, and Howard illegally dynamites the entires construction for breach of contract.

Howard is arrested, and although Wynand tries to defend Howard in his papers at first, he eventually gives in and denounces Howard as well. On trial again, Howard gives an impassioned speech on integrity and individual character and is found not guilty.

Dominique ends up marrying Howard, and Howard designs a new skyscraper for Wynand, who himself finally realized that Howard possesses all the strengths that he (Wynand) thought he himself had. Howard is vindicated, without compromising his standards, creative vision, or imitating lesser artists than himself.

The Incal is a 1981-1988 graphic novel by author and filmmaker Alejandro Jodorowsky.

Synopsis

This is the first of three graphic novels in The Incal series, though chronologically it seems to appear in the middle of the story (being preceded by Before the Incal and succeeded by Final Incal).

The protagonist is John DiFool, and given Jodorowsky’s occult incinations, his surname appears to be an overt reference to “The Fool” tarot card. “The Fool” traditionally symbolizes a neophyte before embarking on an epic, heroic journey of self-discovery.

DiFool stumbles upon a precious artifact called The Incal, which incidentally is swallowed by his pet concrete seagull Deepo. The Incal gives Deepo the ability to talk to people, and DiFool and Deepo have to flee from a mob of plebians seeking wisdom from Deepo.

Long story short(er), The Incal artifact from earlier is actually the White Incal, and there’s a Black Incal as well. Turns out, these Incal artifacts are powerful, and people want them. Well, many things happen and the two Incals merge, and with DiFool’s unknown son to boot – so The Incal (son), DiFool, and five others lead the charge against the Technopriest antagonists who’ve unleashed dark eggs that can eat suns and other universal matter.

The heroes win, with some sacrifices of life, and DiFool meets a fatherlike divinity called Orh, who encourages DiFool to remember everything he’s witnessed before DiFool is warped back to the beginning of his story.

Analysis

For fans of comic books or lower-brow art, The Incal is easy to appreciate. The artwork by Moebius is stunning. The story, on the other hand, is ham-handed – it shows, not tells. Regardless, Jodorowsky can certainly spin a story. If you like epic or mystical themes, he’s likely to please… just don’t expect subtletly in his speech bubbles.

The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume One is a limited comic book series by author Alan Moore.

Synopsis

A ragtag team of heroes from Victorian literature are assembled at the turn of the 20th century to protect the British empire.

Stars Mina Murray of Dracula, Allan Quartermain of King Solomon’s Mines, Hawley Griffin of The Invisible Man, Dr. Henry Jekyll of Jekyll/Hyde, and Captain Nemo of Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.

It’s an entertaining romp but the characters and their adventures weren’t particularly interesting. The stakes weren’t clear and the characters weren’t deep. Readers should instead consider some of Moore’s other works such as V for Vendetta, From Hell, or The Watchmen.

The Most Dangerous Book is a non-fiction book by Kevin Birmingham about the publication of James Joyce’s Ulysses. Unlike other major works on Joyce or his works, Birmingham focuses on the obscenity trials surrounding the publication of Ulysses in the United States of America (“the states”).

There were at least three cases concerning Ulysses in the states. The first over the Comstock Act of 1873, the second over the Tariff Act of 1930, and the third an appeal over the second.

1921: The Little Review

In 1921, The Little Review was found guilty of violating the Comstock obscenity laws for serializing Ulysses. In particular, it was due to their publication of the Nausicaa episode – wherein it is alluded that Bloom masturbates to a woman at the beach. An attorney in New York, whose daughter received the issue unsolicited in the mail, brought the issue to the Society for the Suppression of Vice, who later filed a formal complaint.

Ultimately, the two publishers (Margaret Caroline Anderson and Jane Heap) were found guilty of violation of the Comstock Act of 1873. They were levied a $100 fine and ceased publication of Ulysses. During the trial, one of the judges allegedly said that “[The episode] sound[ed] to [him] like the ravings of a disordered mind,” and that he couldn’t “see why anyone would want to publish it.”

The verdict ended the serialization of Ulysses in the states, and official publications wouldn’t be made available until 1933. The effective banning of the novel, unsurprisingly, generated new interest in the work. Unofficial bootleg publications circulated, most notably by a publisher named Samuel Roth. Though Roth’s publication was supposedly a protest against censorship, Joyce never received any compensation, the editions introduced typographical errors, and other authors issued a public letter against Roth for theft and corruption of the text.

1933: United States v. One Book Called “Ulysses”

Random House owned the rights to publish Ulysses in the states but didn’t believe they could publish it due the previous ruling against The Little Review. So, they schemed. In 1932, in order to trigger a test case (designed to set precedent), Random House imported Ulysses from France and intentionally tipped off U.S. Customs about the shipment. When Customs failed to confiscate the shipment upon its arrival, an attorney for Random House delivered the package to Customs and demanded they confiscate it. They did.

The Southern District of New York (“S.D.N.Y.”) heard the case, with Random House seeking to dismiss the states’s action to seize and destroy the works for obscenity under the Tariff Act of 1930. The case was presided over by Judge John M. Woolsey. Some points of note are that Woolsey:1

  • Determined that a trial by jury was unfeasable, due to the length and difficulty of Ulysses.
  • Read Ulysses in its entirety before adjudicating, and admitted that the study of Ulysses is “a heavy task.”
  • Did not consider the work “obscene” as defined by the courts (“tending to stir the sex impulses”).
  • Understood the work to be “a serious experiment in a new, if not wholly novel, literary genre.”
  • Considered the work “brilliant and dull, intelligible and obscure, by turns,” and that he did not find “anything that [he] considered to be dirt for dirt’s sake.”

Judge Woolsey dismissed the case and declared that “Ulysses may, therefore, be admitted into the United States.”

1934: United States v. One Book Entitled Ulysses by James Joyce

The verdict was appealed to the Second Circuit and heard by three judges: Martin Manton, the awesomely named Learned Hand,2 and Hand’s slightly less awesomely named cousin Augustus Noble Hand.3 The Hands upheld the prior ruling, with Manton dissenting.

Manton’s dissent was due to Joyce’s alleged transgressions against noble moral standards. He asserted that certain pages were “too indecent to add as a footnote to [his] opinion,” that it was “written for alleged amusement of the reader only,” and that it was “art for art’s sake” rather than “art for the people’s service.”

Noble Hand wrote the majority opinion. Like Woolsey, he praised Ulysses and Joyce’s style, stating that:4

  • Joyce “may be regarded as a pioneer among those writers who have adopted the ‘stream of consciousness’ method of presenting fiction.
  • Ulysses is rated as a book of considerable power by persons whose opinions are entitled to weight.
  • Certain passages “are of beauty and undoubted distinction, while others are of a vulgarity that is extreme.”
  • “Joyce… has dealt with ’things unattempted yet in prose or rime.’” [sic]
  • “Page after page of the book is, or seems to be, incomprehensible.”
  • “In numerous places there are found originality, beauty, and distinction… while in not a few spots it is coarse, blasphemous, and obscene.”

The Hands handed the verdict thus. Random House was free to publish James Joyce’s Ulysses, and precedent is now such that obscenity adjudications should consider, among other things, the entire work rather than excerpts.


  1. United States v. One Book Called “Ulysses”, 5 F. Supp. 182 (S.D.N.Y. 1933), Justia, ruled December 6, 1933. ↩︎

  2. Learned Hand, Wikipedia, as of November 13, 2020. ↩︎

  3. Augustus Noble Hand, Wikipedia, as of November 13, 2020. ↩︎

  4. United States v. One Book Entitled Ulysses, 72 F.2d 705 (2d Cir. 1934), Justia, ruled August 7, 1934. ↩︎

The Mysterious Flame of Queen Loana is a 2004 novel by Umberto Eco. It’s about a man with memory loss trying to piece his life history together through family artifacts.

Synopsis

Giambattista “Yambo” Bodoni awakens in a hospital with no memory of self. Lyrics, book passages and quotations, cultural expressions are all that remain readily available to him. He learns he is married, has grandchildren, and is an antiquarian book dealer. At his wife’s encouragement, he travels alone to his family’s old country estate to see if the house, and the abandoned possessions within, can help conjure up any real sense of his identity.

For over a week he explores old books in the attic, much of which seems like an excuse for the author to go on Joycean, list-making tangents detailing many forgotten 20th-century cultural artifacts – artwork featured on old metal tins, children’s books which had Italian identities interjected into the characters when the stories were imported into Fascist Italy, etc. Some interesting cultural history, but of no real consequence to the plot.

Despite spending over a week at the estate, there’s somehow always another box he hasn’t looked through yet. That lets the author reminisce on growing up under Il Duce, which in turn lets Yambo question how he felt about it all. The reader is subjected to pages of cringe teen poetry and learns that Yambo’s grandfather poured a vial of feces down a fascist’s throat and bragged to him about it the next morning. Eventually, we learn that as a teenager Yambo fell in love with a girl, was basically a creep over the way he obsessed on her, and that she died aged 18 shortly after moving from town. He had only learned of her death and real name (Savilla) shortly before the amnesia and can’t recall her face

Again, somehow, there’s still another box he hasn’t gone through. The last box, and – surprise! – it contains an original First Folio of Shakespeare’s works, which can gross over $6,000,000 at auction.1 Then everything goes black and Yambo is pure mind. His best guess is that he lies in a coma, having suffered another stroke at the shock of discovering the book, but the good news is that his memory starts flooding back to him.

Yambo’s mind is adrift in no-place and no-time. Ideas and memories surface. Some even seem real – that is, his. A cascade of characters from film and comic books march across his mind. He is getting closer to the one thing he wants – to see Savilla’s face. He knows she was an instrumental figure in him becoming who he was – whomever that is – as she was imprinted forever into his nervous system as a young, impressionable teenage boy. Yes, she is the answer. She is the key that will unlock the mystery of his identity. The cascade of characters continues their ceremonial march across his consciousness until, finally, she is up next. As she’s about to appear, all goes black.

The end.

The Prague Cemetary is a 2010 novel by Umberto Eco.

Synopsis

Simone Simoni, lawyer-plagiarist, goes on exciting and antisemitic escapades across 19th-century Europe.

Simoni learned from his grandfather at an early age that the French Revolution, Knights Templar, and Weishaupt’s Illuminati were all marionettes dancing from sweaty, swarthy Jewish fingers. Furthermore, everything wrong or suspect in the world is the direct or indirect result of the inescapable Jewish instinct to undermine their host nations. Seek, and ye shall find.

This ugly, unhappy man is recruited as an asset by the Kingdom of Sardinia (RIP) to gin up forgeries on behalf of, or to further the interests of, their “intelligence” agencies. He’s basically a grand wizard at everything – forgery, double-agency, and even personality disorder.

Somewhere along the way, Abbe Dalla Piccola, one of the alter-egos he used to infiltrate sources, becomes a split personality. The novel is mostly a serious of written correspondences between Simoni and his other half, Piccola, as they try to piece together the history of their lives and how they’re interconnected.

There is, however, no great resolve to the many conflicts presented herein. Simoni realizes he is Piccola, and vice versa, and they live happily together as one entity again. But the reader receives no grand conclusion to their story. Simoni is just on a path, though not explicitly stated, to piece together his magnum opus – an amalgamation of his greatest antisemitic forgeries into the infamous Protocols of the Elders of Zion.

And that’s sort of it. A story of 19th-century cultural and political undercurrents, told through a mentally unstable forger, as the author’s explanations for how the Protocols of the Elders of Zion might have been written. Altogether a crude and disconnected, sometimes fun, hypothetical in novel form.

The end.

The Sea of Fertility is a four-book series by Japanese author Yukio Mishima, widely considered to be his magnum opus. The series centers around Shigekuni Honda and four influential figures in his life – one in each book – which he believes are all reincarnations of the same being. Shortly after completing the final book, Mishima attempted a coup d’etat to reinstate an Emperor-state; failing to inspire others to join him, he committed ritual suicide by Seppuku on November 25, 1970.

Synopsis

The first novel, Spring Snow, is a love story between Honda’s best friend Kiyoaki (Kiyo) Matsugae and Satoko Ayakura. Kiyo’s conceit and Satoko’s duplicitious flirtations derail a traditional romance, with Satoko eventually becoming engaged to another man. As the wedding approaches, a distraut Satoko renounces all worldly affairs and commits herself to a nunery. Kiyo trudges daily to her temple through cold rain and snow, hoping to speak with her one last time, but is rebuked by the Abbess each day until he finally falls ill and dies of pneumonia at age 20.

The second novel, Runaway Horses, is a militia story about Isao Iinuma, the son of Kiyo’s former tutor, whom Honda defends at trial due to his coviction that Isao is a reincarnation of Kiyo. Isao laments the West’s derogatory influence on traditional Japanese culture and forms a secret club with some friends to assassinate globalist business tycoons and restore the dignity of the samurai spirit. Caught beforehand, imprisoned, and freed by Honda’s legal efforts and a sympathetic public perception, Isao eventually sneaks away at night, assassinates one of the tycoons, and commits seppuku before the rising sun.

The third novel, The Temple of Dawn, is unfinished by the current reviewer. But it involves a Thai-child princess whom Honda, again, believes is a reincarnation of Kiyo.

The fourth novel, The Decay of the Angel, is unread by the current reviewer.

The Technopriests is a 1988-2006 graphic novel by author and filmmaker Alejandro Jodorowsky.

Synopsis

An albino, named Albino, ascends to the position of Supreme Technopriest and leads a newly initiated 500,000 technopriests to a new world where “where healthy human relationships are valued more highly than technological advances corrupted by an excess of science and a total lack of consciousness.”

It is a framed story with Albino, on his search to this new world, re-telling his own ascension to power as well as his mother’s, sister’s, and brother’s journeys which eventually join with his.

Basically, Albino is a bastard that wants to develop virtual games but ends up forced to commit heinous acts on behalf of his techno-masters. He continually finds ways to physically progress in his lessons while also spiritually disobeying the orders.

After becoming the Supreme Technopriests, he creates a game which surreptiously recruites new, worthy accolytes and leads them to a new planet where they can re-build civilization in meaningful human relationships, not technology.

Analysis

The artwork is noticeably less impressive than Moebius’ work on The Incal. The majority of story arcs which deal with Albino’s family are boring and heavy-handed; and in some regard, this series is almost an excuse to show how brutal and violent the Technopriests can be in their quest to tame human nature.

Unlike The Incal, which isn’t particularly subtle but joins creative artwork with an immersive story, The Technopriests is an unimpressive addition to the “Jodoverse.”

The Tyranny of Science is a series of five lectures from 1992 by philosopher of science Paul Feyerabend. They were first published posthumously in 2011.

Synopsis

The topics and arguments aren’t logically structured (intentionally), so a synopsis is particularly difficult, but the general themes are that science is not a unified field, its methods are often disorganized and even “unscientific”, and that many of its staunchest defenders are more concerned with propagating an “objectivist” worldview than with accurately portraying the messy process and findings of scientific discovery.1

The most interesting parts are the question-and-answer sections at the end of each lecture, as they provide an unadulterated glimpse into Feyerabend’s mind.

New Feyerabend readers will be better served by reading his best known work, Against Method, for an introduction to his arguments and defense of scientific anarchism.

References

tmux is a terminal multiplexer, i.e. software that lets you manage multiple terminal sessions in one window. It’s especially useful when logged into a remote system or when you want to exit and rejoin a session (start a command, log out, check back on it later).

The default keybindings aren’t intuitive, so adjust the following in .config/tmux/tmux.conf:

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# Add Ctrl+Space as alternative prefix keybinding
set -g prefix C-b
set -g prefix2 C-Space
unbind C-Space
bind C-Space send-prefix

# Use visual cue keybindings for horiz. and vert. splits (| and -)
unbind '"'
unbind %
bind-key | split-window -h
bind-key - split-window

# Vim-style navigation between panes (hjkl)
bind-key h select-pane -L
bind-key j select-pane -D
bind-key k select-pane -U
bind-key l select-pane -R

# Reload config file (r)
bind-key r source-file ~/.config/tmux/tmux.conf \; display-message "tmux.conf reloaded."

# Statusbar
# On top with no background color
# Tabs on left, user@host on right
set -g status-position top
set-option -g status-style bg=default
set -g status-left-length 40
set -g status-left "#{?client_prefix,#[bg=yellow] [!] ,}"
set -g status-right "#[bg=red]#[fg=white] #{user}@#{host} "

# Server
# set $TERM and enable RGB color if in xterm(1)
set -g default-terminal "tmux-256color"
set-option -sa terminal-overrides ",xterm*:Tc"

# Start indexing tabs at 1 instead of 0
set -g base-index 1

# Disable bells, enable mouse
set -g bell-action none
set -g mouse on

# Windows
# Autorename, tab format and colors
setw -g aggressive-resize on
setw -g automatic-rename on
setw -g window-status-current-format " #I #W #F "
setw -g window-status-current-style "bg=red,fg=white"

Keybindings cheatsheet:

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# Launch & Exit
tmux    start
tmux a  attach to previous session
tmux d  detach current session

# Windows
prefix c    create window
prefix w    list windows
prefix n    next window
prefix p    prev. window
prefix ,    rename window
prefix 1    go to window #1
prefix 2    go to window #2, etc.

# Panes
prefix -    vertical split
prefix |    horizontal split

# Copy mode
prefix [    enter copy mode
Enter       copy selection
Ctrl PgUp    page up
Ctrl PgDn   page down

Treasure Island is an 1883 novel by Robert Louis Stevenson. It is an adventure story about searching for pirate’s buried treasure.

It’s a cute story filled with tropes, but at least seems to have helped create some of those tropes itself. X-marks-the-spot, the one-legged Long John Silver, yadda yadda.

It makes a fine adventure novel for young adults. Similar to Journey to the Center of the Earth, it’s not particularily thrilling, interesting, or well-written, but it’s fun.

Ulysses is a 1922 novel by Irish author James Joyce.

The 730 page story takes place on June 16, 1904, in Dublin, Ireland. The chapters are unnamed, but have since been identified by scholars as mapping to Homer’s Odyssey, such that the characters and events in the novel correspond to different parts of Odysseus’s journey from Troy back to Ithaca.

The three main characters are Leopold Bloom, his wife Molly, and his friend Stephen Dedalus. The story is of their ordinary day in Dublin – conversations, eaves-droppings, disagreements, estrangements, drunken escapades – from the morning’s first shave to crawling back into bed.

The chapters jump between different characters across Dublin, with Joyce utilizing a stream-of-consciousness style to simulate their thought processes and inner monologue. The characters often intersect and interact with each other throughout the day.

Legacy

It is notorious for its reputation as being one of the most difficult novels to read, with Joyce remarking that “it will keep the professors busy for centuries arguing over what I meant.” It is also notable for being subjected to an obscenity trial in the U.S. for heretical and sexual references.

The novel is celebrated annually as Bloomsday in major cities worldwide every June 16th, but especially in Dublin, where radio performances, street readings, and tours of the novel’s locations take place.

Synopsis

01. “Telemachus”: Buck Mulligan eats breakfast with Stephen Dedalus at the Sandycove Martello tower. They walk to the shore and have a disagreement.

02. “Nestor”: Stephen teaches a history class and speaks with the school’s headmaster. They discuss Irish history, Jews in the economy, and Stephen is given a letter to deliver to the local newspaper office.

03. “Proteus”: Stephen daydreams at the Sandymount Strand and thinks of his mother’s death.

04. “Calypso”: Leopold Bloom eats a hearty breakfast and buys pork kidney from the butcher. He delivers the mail to his wife Molly and sees that she received a letter from Blazes Boylan, with whom Leopold knows she’s having an affair.

05. “Lotus Eaters”: Stephen picks up his own love letter from the post office, but unlike Molly & Blazes, his forbidden romance isn’t yet physical. He buys some soap from a local store.

06. “Hades”: Leopold attends a funeral where Stephen’s father is also in attendance. He reflects on the early death of his son and the suicide of his father.

07. “Aeolus”: Leopold fails to place an advertisement in the local newspaper. Stephen shows up with the headmaster’s letter and takes the editor to a pub.

08. “Lestrygonians”: Leopold eats lunch at Davy Byrne’s pub, thinking about how his relationship with Molly has changed over the years. Afterwards he heads to a local museum, but shirks into another building after seeing his wife’s lover Blazes nearby.

09. “Scylla and Charybdis”: Stephen is in the National Library espousing wild theories on Shakespeare. Leopold enters the library looking for an old copy of the advertisement he failed to place in Episode 7.

10. “Wandering Rocks”: Various characters walk about the town.

11. “Sirens”: Leopold eats dinner with Stephen’s uncle while Blazes heads out to have an affair with Leopold’s his wife Molly.

12. “Cyclops”: Two unnamed characters drink in a pub. One of them berates Leopold for being Jewish.

13. “Nausicaa”: Leopold heads to the Sandymount Strand, where he secretly masturbates to three women on the beach while fireworks shoot off.

14. “Oxen of the Sun”: Leopold visits a hospital to support Mina Purefoy, who is in labor. He meets Stephen, Mina bears a son, and the men head to a pub to continue drinking.

15. “Circe”: Drunk, Leopold and Stephen head to a brothel. Stephen has an outburst and breaks a chandelier, then is punched by an English soldier in the street.

16. “Eumaeus”: Leopold tries to sober Stephen up. They talk with a drunken sailor.

17. “Ithaca”: Leopold takes Stephen to his (Leopold’s) home and offers him a bed for the night, which Stephen refuses. After a quick piss outside, Stephen heads off into the night. Leopold crawls into bed and Molly wakes to ask him about his day.

18. “Penelope”: Molly drifts back to sleep, thinking about her husband Leopold, her lover Blazes, and her childhood. She falls asleep remembering Leopold’s proposal to her, to which she responded yes, yes, yes.

Notable quotations

– I just wanted to say, he said. Ireland, they say, has the honour of being the only country which never persecuted the jews. Do you know that? No. And do you know why?
He frowned sternly on the bright air.
– Why, sir? Stephen asked, beginning to smile.
– Because she never let them in, Mr Deasy said solemnly.
A coughball of laughter leaped from his throat dragging after it a rattling chain of phlegm. He turned back quickly, coughing, laughing, his lifted arms waving to the air.
– She never let them in, he cried again through his laughter as he stamped on galtered feet over the gravel of the path. That’s why.1

O and the sea the sea crimson sometimes like fire and the glorious sunsets and the figtrees in the Alameda gardens yes and all the queer little streets and pink and blue and yellow houses and the rosegardens and the jessamine and geraniums and cactuses and Gibraltar as a girl where I was a Flower of the mountain yes when I put the rose in my hair like the Andalusian girls used or shall I wear a red yes and how he kissed me under the Moorish wall and I thought well as well him as another and then I asked him with my eyes to ask again yes and then he asked me would I yes to say yes my mountain flower and first I put my arms around him yes and drew him down to me so he could feel my breasts all perfume yes and his heart was going like mad and yes I said yes I will Yes.2


  1. Nestor, page 36. ↩︎

  2. Penelope, page 732. ↩︎

Unlimited Memory is a 2014 book by Kevin Horsley. It describes mental tricks to improve memory and retention.

Synopsis

Kevin Horsley is a “Grandmaster of Memory”1 who ranks in the top 1,000 worldwide across multiple memory “disciplines.”2 He holds the second fastest time in the “Everest” of memory tests, which measures how fast participants can recite random selections of 5-digit chunks within the first 10,000 digits of pi.3

Tips

The first tip is not to multitask. Multitasking is less efficient since it takes time for the brain to switch between tasks. Practice “consecutive tasking” instead of “simultaneous tasking.”

The second tip is to be interested in the material, even if you need to feign curiosity. Having a specific purpose for learning some material, and being interested in learning it, improves concentration and increases the amount of information retained (read: duh).

The main tip or trick, though, is to create strong, unique word associations and visual stories for what you wish to memorize.

Canberra, Australia: Imagine a kangaroo (which represents Australia) eating a can of berries. Athens, Greece: Imagine eight hens swimming in grease… Imagine a silly picture… [Bring] information to life with your endless imagination.

Car/Body Method

The car method or body method can be used to memorize unordered lists. It involves placing your unique, creative visual associations onto some physical object you know well, such as your car or your body.

See your car in your mind. Imagine squeezing a big apple into the front grille. Take a carrot and stab it into the hood. On the windshield, see grainy bread, and think to yourself, “That grainy bread is going to damage my wipers…”

Rhyming Peg Method

The rhyming pegs method can be used to memorize ordered lists. Associate the numbers one through ten with rhyming nouns — come up with these for yourself so the association is stronger, e.g. gun or nun for one, shoe or tattoo for two. Then “peg” an item to that numeric association.

[Item Ten (hen): Contribution:] Imagine a hen giving you presents. She is a “contributing hen.” Ten is therefore contribution.

Spaces in Places Method

The spaces in places method is the mind palace technique of linking visual associations with familiar spatial environments. This method dates back to the turn of the first millennium and is the most famous memorization technique. Ancient texts that discuss the method (e.g. Rhetorica ad Herennium) recommend adding visual, auditory, and other sensory details to strengthen the associations.

The core idea is that you use a room, a house, a particular drive, some physical space that you know well and associate the items to memorize with different objects or landmarks in this space. To recall the items, you simply walk through the space and activate the desired items into memory.

Linking Thought Method

The linking thoughts method is one in which you build a story out of your associations. Items to memorize are therefore linked together through some narrative. The example used by Horsley in the book involves U.S. presidents — while you’re washing a tin, it grows an Adam’s apple. A chef and her son walk by and rip it out to make some medicine to give to Marilyn Monroe

Horsley provides some tips for remember names, such as by inventing some association with a person you already know by that name, or linking them to a particular physical characteristic of the person. But the most important part of this tip is simply to pay attention — actually listen and attempt to retain the person’s name when they introduce themselves.

Mnemonic Major Method

The mnemonic major system4 was developed over centuries by various contributors to aid in the memorization of numbers. Each numeral 0-9 is associated with one or more consonants, with h, w, and y omitted so they can function as filler letters. Common mappings are included below, with which one could memorize the number 314 with the word meteor (/m/-/t/-/r/).

0/s/, /z/0 begins with /z/ sound
1/t/, /d/1 is a vertical stroke, which T, t, D, and d contain
2/n/2 is a sideways n
3/m/3 is a sideways m
4/r/4 ends with r
5/l/L is Roman numeral for 50, and your left hand has five digits
6/tʃ/, /dʒ/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/6 looks like an upside down G
7/k/, /g/G is the seventh letter of the alphabet, and K contains a 7 shape in it
8/f/, /v/f in lowercase script has loops on each end, like an 8
9/p/, /b/9 looks like a mirrored (and upside down) p and b

  1. Kevin Horsley GMM, World Memory Statistics, accessed April 19, 2020. ↩︎

  2. Kevin Horsley, International Association of Memory, accessed April 19, 2020. ↩︎

  3. Pi Matrix Records, Pi World Ranking List, accessed April 19, 2020. ↩︎

  4. Mnemonic Major System, Wikipedia, accessed April 19, 2020. ↩︎

Uzumaki is a horror manga series by Junji Ito. The series revolves around the citizens of a small Japanese town who are increasingly haunted by spirals.

The story begins with an older man obsessing over spirals – their shape – even shirking work to stare at them all day. Coils, snails, shells, springs, you name it; they all hold a mystical power over him. His wife, trying to snap him out of the obsession, throws away his entire spiral collection… And sets off the first of many untimely, spirally deaths in the small town of Kurouzu-cho.

It’s a strange, unique story of hidden geometric terror, which no written review can do justice. The series would be better if it had more of a proper story arc – as most issues work as standalone one-shots – but the concept is too weird to ignore.

Synopsis

  • N001 - Spiral Obsession Pt1 - Protagonist Kirie Goshima’s best friend’s father becomes obsessed with spirals, and commits suicide in a contraption that contorts his body into one.
  • N002 - Spiral Obsession Pt2 - Kirie’s best friend’s mother is committed to a mental ward, and self-harms to suicide after learning about the spiral cochlea in her ear.
  • N003 - Scar - Kirie’s schoolmate’s forehead scar becomes spiral-shaped, opens up, and consumes a suitor and herself.
  • N004 - Firing Effect - Kirie’s father uses pottery clay from the local pond, which is infected with the ashes of the predeceased above.
  • N005 - Twisted Soul - Kirie’s two povery-stricken classmates entwine themselves into a braid and sink into the sea.
  • N006 - Medusa - Kirie’s hair grows hypnotic curls, and she battles with a friend over attention from classmates.
  • N007 - Jack-in-the-Box - Kirie’s unrequited suitor dies in a car’s wheel well, and springs back to her from the grave.
  • N008 - Snail - Kirie’s classmate turns into a snail, as does his bully.
  • N009 - Black Light House - Kirie’s brother explores a lighthouse, which burns alive anyone inside when the lights boot up.
  • N010 - Mosquitoes - Kirie’s admitted to a hospital for burns, and patients in the maternity unit start drinking human blood.
  • N011 - Umbilical Cord - Kirie’s cousin nurtures her newborn, and her doctor attempts to stitch the baby back into her womb.
  • N012 - Storm - Kirie’s family tries to hide from a storm, which spirals above the town of Kurouzu-Chan.
  • N013 - House - Kirie’s family relocates to a boarding house, where tenants grow spiral warts.
  • N014 - Butterflies - Kirie’s town suffers from cyclones, as outsiders enter the town to help with the storm damage.
  • N015 - Chaos - Kirie’s town remains destroyed, and cyclone-riding gangs terrorize the town.
  • N016 - Erosion - Kirie’s town huddles into the boarding houses, where the citizens become entangled with one another.
  • N017 - Escape - Kirie’s friend group heads to the hills to escape Korouzu-Chan, but the spiral prevents them from progressing down the path.
  • N018 - Labyrinth- Kirie’s friend group heads towards the drained local pond at the center of town, from the spiral seems to emanate.
  • N019 - Completion - Kirie’s best friend follows her underground into the drained local pond, where they give into the spiral and embrace each other for death.
  • N020 - Galaxies - Kirie’s best friend discovers a spiral galaxy, which sends homicidal, telepathic signals to their local astronomer.

Vocabulary, or: words to stop forgetting.

Definitions and pronunciations from dictionary.com.

calumny, n. (kal-uhm-nee)
A false or malicious statement designed to injure the reputation of someone or something.
hubris, n. (hyoo-bris)
Excessive pride or self-confidence; arrogance.
retcon, n. (ret-kon)
A subsequent revision of an established story [in film, TV, video games, or comics].
temerity, n. (tuh-mer-i-tee)
Reckless boldness; rashness.

War and Peace is an 1869 novel by Leo Tolstoy. It is a 15-year saga (1805-1820) chronicling the lives of five aristocratic families through Napoleon’s failed invasion of the Russian Empire in 1812.

Synopsis

A lesser individual might’ve called it Soldiers and Soirees.

Basically, posh society watches Napoleon’s conquest with amusement until it’s at their back door. War rages, a million people die, and Napoleon goes home. The war leads all in both high society and war to either die or mature.

It’s a historical novel with detailed musings on the inner motivations and fears of the main characters. The novel is also interspersed with chapters on Tolstoy’s philosophy of historiography, which denounces the “great man theory” in favor of one in which divine providence and the collective, compounding actions of thousands of unremarkable individuals ultimately drive the destinies of the so-called “great men” nominally in charge of making decisions.

The story features hundreds of characters but the most primary is Pierre, who (arguably) most closely resembles Tolstoy among the entire cast. In the story, Pierre is a moderately-willed effeminate intellectual whose story progresses from admiring Napoleon and revolution to despairing in love, to meaning in freemasonry, to disillusionment in man’s constant material pursuits, to nihilism, to desperation, to blind courage, to transcending his fear of death, to finding meaning in the smallest of moments, and to his ultimate fulfillment in marriage and fatherhood. Both Pierre and Tolstoy were born in aristocracy; both tried to define themselves without it; both were pacifists; and both found meaning in the minuscule.

It is an ambitious study of the mind, the human spirit, and the material. A study of the ego, the will, and the world, at odds and in harmony.

Excerpts

What does it matter to me or to Bitski what the Emperor was pleased to say at the Council? Can all that make me any happier or better? — Book VI, Chapter XVIII

Sometimes he remembered how he had heard that soldiers in war when entrenched under the enemy’s fire, if they have nothing to do, try hard to find some occupation the more easily to bear the danger. To Pierre all men seemed like those soldiers, seeking refuge from life: some in ambition, some in cards, some in framing laws, some in women, some in toys, some in horses, some in politics, some in sport, some in wine, and some in governmental affairs. “Nothing is trivial, and nothing is important, it’s all the same — only to save oneself from it as best one can.” — Book VIII, Chapter II

It is natural that these and a countless and infinite quantity of other reasons, the number depending on the endless diversity of points of view, presented themselves to the men of that day; but to us, to posterity who view the thing that happened in all its magnitude and perceive its plain and terrible meaning, these causes seem insufficient. To us it is incomprehensible that millions of Christian men killed and tortured each other either because Napoleon was ambitious or Alexander was firm, or because England’s policy was astute or the Duke of Oldenburg wronged. We cannot grasp what connection such circumstances have with the actual fact of slaughter and violence: why because the Duke was wronged, thousands of men from the other side of Europe killed and ruined the people of Smolénsk and Moscow and were killed by them. — Book IX, Chapter I

Alexander refused negotiations because he felt himself to be personally insulted. Barclay de Tolly tried to command the army in the best way, because he wished to fulfill his duty and earn fame as a great commander. Rostóv charged the French because he could not restrain his wish for a gallop across a level field; and in the same way the innumerable people who took part in the war acted in accord with their personal characteristics, habits, circumstances, and aims. They were moved by fear or vanity, rejoiced or were indignant, reasoned, imagining that they knew what they were doing and did it of their own free will, but they all were involuntary tools of history, carrying on a work concealed from them but comprehensible to us. Such is the inevitable fate of men of action, and the higher they stand in the social hierarchy the less are they free… The actors of 1812 have long since left the stage, their personal interests have vanished leaving no trace, and nothing remains of that time but its historic results… Providence compelled all these men, striving to attain personal aims, to further the accomplishment of a stupendous result no one of them at all expected — neither Napoleon, nor Alexander, nor still less any of those who did the actual fighting. — Book X, Chapter I

The cause of the destruction of the French army in 1812 is clear to us now. No one will deny that that cause was, on the one hand, its advance into the heart of Russia late in the season without any preparation for a winter campaign and, on the other, the character given to the war by the burning of Russian towns and the hatred of the foe this aroused among the Russian people. But no one at the time foresaw (what now seems so evident) that this was the only way an army of eight hundred thousand men — the best in the world and led by the best general — could be destroyed in conflict with a raw army of half its numerical strength, and led by inexperienced commanders as the Russian army was. Not only did no one see this, but on the Russian side every effort was made to hinder the only thing that could save Russia, while on the French side, despite Napoleon’s experience and so-called military genius, every effort was directed to pushing on to Moscow at the end of the summer, that is, to doing the very thing that was bound to lead to destruction. — Book X, Chapter I

And it was not Napoleon who directed the course of the battle, for none of his orders were executed and during the battle he did not know what was going on before him. So the way in which these people killed one another was not decided by Napoleon’s will but occurred independently of him, in accord with the will of hundreds of thousands of people who took part in the common action. It only seemed to Napoleon that it all took place by his will. And so the question whether he had or had not a cold has no more historic interest than the cold of the least of the transport soldiers. — Book X, Chapter XXVIII

In dealing with this period they sternly condemn the historical personages who, in their opinion, caused what they describe as the reaction. All the well-known people of that period, from Alexander and Napoleon to Madame de Staël, Photius, Schelling, Fichte, Chateaubriand, and the rest, pass before their stern judgment seat and are acquitted or condemned according to whether they conduced to progress or to reaction… In what does the substance of those reproaches lie? It lies in the fact that an historic character like Alexander I, standing on the highest possible pinnacle of human power with the blinding light of history focused upon him; a character exposed to those strongest of all influences: the intrigues, flattery, and self-deception inseparable from power; a character who at every moment of his life felt a responsibility for all that was happening in Europe; and not a fictitious but a live character who like every man had his personal habits, passions, and impulses toward goodness, beauty, and truth — that this character — though not lacking in virtue (the historians do not accuse him of that) — had not the same conception of the welfare of humanity fifty years ago as a present-day professor who from his youth upwards has been occupied with learning: that is, with books and lectures and with taking notes from them… But even if we assume that fifty years ago Alexander I was mistaken in his view of what was good for the people, we must inevitably assume that the historian who judges Alexander will also after the lapse of some time turn out to be mistaken in his view of what is good for humanity. This assumption is all the more natural and inevitable because, watching the movement of history, we see that every year and with each new writer, opinion as to what is good for mankind changes; so that what once seemed good, ten years later seems bad, and vice versa. And what is more, we find at one and the same time quite contradictory views as to what is bad and what is good in history: some people regard giving a constitution to Poland and forming the Holy Alliance as praiseworthy in Alexander, while others regard it as blameworthy. — Epilogue I, Chapter I

We Only Find Them When They’re Dead is a comic book series written by Al Ewing. The series revolves around gigantic corpses that appear in space, considered gods to the outer planet “harvesters” whom excavate valuable resources from their cadavers. There is a clichéd power struggle between the inner planets and outer planets, a confusing array of double-crossing agents, and time-jumps forward and backward across generations. Such themes on their own aren’t un-endurable, but the repetitive art style does no service helping to clarify the characters, their motives, or the overall chronology for the readers. Your time is better spent elsewhere.

Reviewer read through N001-015.

Weapons of the Metabaron is a 2008 one-off story by author and filmmaker Alejandro Jodorowsky.

It’s about the Last Metabaron acquiring the most powerful weapons in the universe(s), so he alone is the only remaining weapon capable of universal destruction… or something like that. Not a particularly interesting story since it was never really started or finished properly.

Requires wget.

To resume downloading instead of re-starting from scratch, pass the -c flag, e.g.:

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wget -c https://domain.tld/path/file.ext

For the above, consider adding an alias to ~/.bashrc:

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alias wget='wget -c'

To increment numerically:

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wget https://domain.tld/path/to/files/file{1..100}.filetype

To increment numerically and alphabetically:

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#! /bin/bash
# Downloads file01a.ext, file01b.ext... file12f.ext, etc.
HREF="protocol://domain.tld/path/to/files/file"
TENS=0
ONES=0
LETTER=A
EXT=".EXT"
URL="$URL$TENS$ONES$LETTER$EXT"
print $URL
for ((i = 0; i <= 9; i)); do
    for ((j = 0; j <= 9; j)); do
        for letter in {a..z}; do
            URL="$HREF$i$j$letter$EXT"
            echo $URL
            wget $URL
        done
    done
done

To download specific filetypes from website:

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wget --directory-prefix=/where/to/save --no-directories --recursive --level=1 --span-hosts --domains=https://domain.tld --accept filetype1,filetype2,filetype3 https://domain.tld/location/of/files

--directory-prefix to specify where to save downloaded files; --no-directories to not recreate the server’s directory structure in your save path; --recursive to download recursively; --level for depth limit; --span-hosts to permit downloading from outside domains (links to externally hosted content); --domains to limit from which domains to download; --accept to specify filetypes to download; final argument the target URL.

Requires wkhtmltopdf.

Generate PDF from URL with 1 inch margins:

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wkhtmltopdf -L 1in -R 1in -T 1in -B 1in https://domain.tld/path/to/file.html output.pdf

Notification Tray Keybinding is a hacky script to allow the user to set keybindings to emulate mouse clicks on their notification/taskbar tray. Built for Xorg, unsure of Wayland solution.

It uses xdotool to move the mouse to specific coordinates where the notification/taskbar tray resides, emulates a mouse click, then jumps back to the original mouse x,y coordinates. The script takes integer input (0, 1, 2, etc.) to click specific tray icon locations based on an x-coordinate offset, e.g. input 0 clicks furtherest right icon, input 1 clicks second furthest-right icon, etc.

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#!/bin/bash

### DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS ###
# Used "xdotool getmouselocation --shell" to determine
# that the right-most tray icon is at x=1907,y=15 and
# the tray icon immediately to the left is at x=1880,y=15.
# So, using "15" for all y coordinates and 27 (1907-1880)
# as no. of units to move left for each subsequent tray icon.

### KEY VARIABLES (CUSTOMIZE FOR YOUR SYSTEM) ###
#  Furthest right position of x-coordinate ("1919" for 1920x1080)
#  x-coordinate of tray icon furthest to right
#  y-coordinate of all tray icons
#  Unit distance/delta between tray icons

MAX_POS_X=1919
RIGHTMOST_TRAY_POS_X=1907
TRAY_POS_Y=15
TRAY_X_DELTA=27

### GET CURRENT COORDINATES ###
#  Evaluate current x,y coordinates
#  Assign current x coordinate
#  Assign current y coordinate

eval $(xdotool getmouselocation --shell)
INIT_X=`echo $X`
INIT_Y=`echo $Y`

### READ INPUT & CALCULATE ###
#  Read user input (should be no. between 0 and 9)
#  If input > 9, set x-coord to max pos. (null click)
#  Else,
#  Calculate the requested x-coord based on input and delta

INPUT=$1
if [ "$INPUT" -gt 9 ]; then
        REQUESTED_POS_X=$MAX_POS_X
else
        REQUESTED_POS_X=`expr "$RIGHTMOST_TRAY_POS_X" - "$INPUT" \* "$TRAY_X_DELTA"`
fi

### MOVE MOUSE, CLICK, MOVE MOUSE BACK ###
#  Move mouse to the requested coordinates and click
#  Wait a moment
#  Move mouse back to original coordinates

xdotool mousemove $REQUESTED_POS_X $TRAY_POS_Y click 1
sleep 0.1
xdotool mousemove $INIT_X $INIT_Y

The script can then be keybound in something like i3 config like so:

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# Mod+F1 to click right-most tray icon
bindsym $mod+F1 exec --no-startup-id /path/to/script.sh 0
# Mod+F2 to click second right-most tray icon
bindsym $mod+F2 exec --no-startup-id /path/to/script.sh 1

Requires brightnessctl and pamixer.

Keyboard media keys (brightness, volume, etc.) may not work if one is using a window manager rather than a full desktop environment.

Use something like brightnessctl for laptop screen brightness and pamixer for controlling audio volume.

Example ~/.bashrc or ~/.bash_aliases:

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alias lightdown='brightnessctl --quiet set 10%-'
alias lightup='brightnessctl --quiet set 10%+'
alias soundup='pamixer --increase 10'
alias sounddown='pamixer --decrease 10'
alias soundmute='pamixer --toggle-mute'

Example ~/.config/sway/config for swaywm:

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bindsym XF86MonBrightnessDown exec --no-startup-id brightnessctl set 10%-
bindsym XF86MonBrightnessUp exec --no-startup-id brightnessctl set +10%
bindsym XF86AudioLowerVolume exec --no-startup-id pamixer --decrease 10
bindsym XF86AudioRaiseVolume exec --no-startup-id pamixer --increase 10
bindsym XF86AudioMute exec --no-startup-id pamixer --toggle-mute

Requires yt-dlp. Saves video and supplementary metadata into its own directory.

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yt-dlp --add-metadata --write-info-json --restrict-filenames --continue --write-description --write-comments --write-subs --embed-subs --embed-thumbnail --embed-metadata --output "%(title)s_%(upload_date)s_%(id)s/%(title)s_%(upload_date)s_%(id)s.%(ext)s" http://path/to/video

--add-metadata to attach infoJSON to MKV files; --write-info-json to write metadata to file; --restrict-filenames to only allow ASCII characters; --continue to resume partially downloaded files or fragments; --write-description to write video description to file; --write-comments to write comments to infoJSON file; --write-subs to write subtitle file; --embed-subs to embed subtitles into video; --embed-thumbnail to embed thumbnail as video cover art; --embed-metadata to embed metadata to video file; --output to specify filename convention.

For ease of use, alias the command in your ~/.bashrc file, e.g. as videodl.